1 00:00:06,289 --> 00:00:03,320 field if you didn't get one grab one on 2 00:00:08,870 --> 00:00:06,299 the way out we have a picture of the the 3 00:00:10,879 --> 00:00:08,880 ultra-deep field on the front and a 4 00:00:13,759 --> 00:00:10,889 description on the back telling you 5 00:00:15,829 --> 00:00:13,769 about it and our online audience can 6 00:00:19,519 --> 00:00:15,839 find it at the amazing space tour 7 00:00:21,320 --> 00:00:19,529 website its lithograph number 36 some of 8 00:00:23,650 --> 00:00:21,330 our resources there so it's actually one 9 00:00:27,140 --> 00:00:23,660 of our earlier ones that we produced 10 00:00:30,470 --> 00:00:27,150 tonight we have an astrophysicist guide 11 00:00:33,350 --> 00:00:30,480 to the film deep field the impossible 12 00:00:37,100 --> 00:00:33,360 magnitude of our universe by Frank 13 00:00:39,049 --> 00:00:37,110 summers from space telescope so I am NOT 14 00:00:44,030 --> 00:00:39,059 just your host tonight I'm also your 15 00:00:50,180 --> 00:00:44,040 speaker you guys are needy you guys are 16 00:00:52,760 --> 00:00:50,190 an easy audience April we had a change 17 00:00:55,310 --> 00:00:52,770 of plans for April I had two speakers 18 00:00:57,889 --> 00:00:55,320 who were possible available for the 19 00:01:00,950 --> 00:00:57,899 early April talk both of them had to 20 00:01:04,729 --> 00:01:00,960 cancel on me but we have a symposium 21 00:01:07,370 --> 00:01:04,739 here on April 23rd on the week of April 22 00:01:10,340 --> 00:01:07,380 23rd and they wanted to bring a special 23 00:01:12,890 --> 00:01:10,350 guest speaker from the symposium to do a 24 00:01:15,560 --> 00:01:12,900 public lecture and so I said great I'll 25 00:01:19,160 --> 00:01:15,570 just move the April date until April 26 00:01:21,440 --> 00:01:19,170 23rd okay so I think the normal date 27 00:01:23,480 --> 00:01:21,450 would be like April 2nd yeah we're gonna 28 00:01:26,120 --> 00:01:23,490 be three weeks late next month I'm sorry 29 00:01:28,399 --> 00:01:26,130 we're gonna do April 23rd a special date 30 00:01:31,249 --> 00:01:28,409 but I promise you a special guest 31 00:01:33,800 --> 00:01:31,259 speaker this speaker is so special that 32 00:01:37,460 --> 00:01:33,810 they haven't even told me who it is 33 00:01:38,810 --> 00:01:37,470 okay they've been I've been in 34 00:01:40,190 --> 00:01:38,820 communication with him this month and 35 00:01:41,539 --> 00:01:40,200 they said oh yeah we got it we got it 36 00:01:43,100 --> 00:01:41,549 we're good 37 00:01:45,679 --> 00:01:43,110 but we haven't confirmed so we're not 38 00:01:47,630 --> 00:01:45,689 going to tell you yet okay as soon as I 39 00:01:51,609 --> 00:01:47,640 know you'll know it'll be up on the 40 00:01:52,899 --> 00:01:51,619 website in May we have the fiery fate of 41 00:01:55,219 --> 00:01:52,909 exoplanets 42 00:01:58,310 --> 00:01:55,229 sounds like planets that wander too 43 00:02:01,190 --> 00:01:58,320 close to their star by Joleen Karlberg 44 00:02:04,069 --> 00:02:01,200 and in June the question that everyone 45 00:02:08,029 --> 00:02:04,079 has been asking can pulsar recycling 46 00:02:09,410 --> 00:02:08,039 produce a gamma-ray excess yeah I'll 47 00:02:11,460 --> 00:02:09,420 figure out what that means before next 48 00:02:13,990 --> 00:02:11,470 month okay 49 00:02:15,550 --> 00:02:14,000 this is a new astronomer in the office 50 00:02:18,160 --> 00:02:15,560 of public outreach he arrived about a 51 00:02:21,270 --> 00:02:18,170 year ago Christopher Britt and I finally 52 00:02:24,400 --> 00:02:21,280 have wrangled him into doing our talk 53 00:02:26,020 --> 00:02:24,410 for the other talks upcoming we can go 54 00:02:28,090 --> 00:02:26,030 find our website go to your favorite 55 00:02:30,160 --> 00:02:28,100 search engine type in Hubble public 56 00:02:32,650 --> 00:02:30,170 talks and you should find this webpage 57 00:02:35,950 --> 00:02:32,660 with our upcoming lectures over here on 58 00:02:39,370 --> 00:02:35,960 the right links to our webcasting both 59 00:02:41,020 --> 00:02:39,380 alive and the archives okay we go back 60 00:02:44,590 --> 00:02:41,030 to 2014 61 00:02:47,100 --> 00:02:44,600 I guess that's five years now Wow five 62 00:02:51,670 --> 00:02:47,110 years of Space Telescope webcast of 63 00:02:54,670 --> 00:02:51,680 YouTube webcasting and back to 2005 so 64 00:02:57,700 --> 00:02:54,680 that's of Wow that's about 14 years of 65 00:03:00,280 --> 00:02:57,710 Space Telescope webcasting if you'd like 66 00:03:03,610 --> 00:03:00,290 to get on our email list you can also do 67 00:03:05,530 --> 00:03:03,620 there our email are basically just the 68 00:03:07,900 --> 00:03:05,540 announcements of the lectures and when 69 00:03:09,100 --> 00:03:07,910 the webcasts are posted on YouTube we 70 00:03:10,750 --> 00:03:09,110 let you know about it 71 00:03:12,760 --> 00:03:10,760 if you don't like signing up on our 72 00:03:14,410 --> 00:03:12,770 website you can write your email address 73 00:03:16,150 --> 00:03:14,420 down on a piece of paper hand it to me 74 00:03:18,400 --> 00:03:16,160 after the lecture and I'll make sure you 75 00:03:20,260 --> 00:03:18,410 get on there if you have comments or 76 00:03:25,420 --> 00:03:20,270 questions you can send them to our email 77 00:03:28,060 --> 00:03:25,430 public lecture at STScI edu and finally 78 00:03:29,710 --> 00:03:28,070 if you are on social media if you want 79 00:03:32,410 --> 00:03:29,720 to follow the Hubble Space Telescope the 80 00:03:33,990 --> 00:03:32,420 Webb Space Telescope or the Space 81 00:03:36,790 --> 00:03:34,000 Telescope Science Institute we have 82 00:03:40,720 --> 00:03:36,800 Facebook Twitter YouTube and Instagram 83 00:03:42,910 --> 00:03:40,730 for you to follow I myself do a little 84 00:03:46,320 --> 00:03:42,920 bit of Facebook and Twitter if you're 85 00:03:48,790 --> 00:03:46,330 interested in my latest thoughts 86 00:03:52,870 --> 00:03:48,800 oftentimes after this we have the 87 00:03:54,760 --> 00:03:52,880 observatory was the was it cloudy clouds 88 00:03:56,380 --> 00:03:54,770 are moving in okay I did not receive a 89 00:03:59,230 --> 00:03:56,390 notification from the Maryland space 90 00:04:01,030 --> 00:03:59,240 based grant folks so I put a question 91 00:04:04,390 --> 00:04:01,040 mark here I was assuming it probably was 92 00:04:07,900 --> 00:04:04,400 a no all right anybody from Maryland 93 00:04:09,490 --> 00:04:07,910 Space Grant here No okay I'll ask remind 94 00:04:11,350 --> 00:04:09,500 me to ask again at the end just in case 95 00:04:13,780 --> 00:04:11,360 because you know not often we get a 96 00:04:15,520 --> 00:04:13,790 chance to go across but you do get 97 00:04:18,190 --> 00:04:15,530 chances on Friday evenings when they're 98 00:04:21,340 --> 00:04:18,200 open houses if you go to MD dot Space 99 00:04:23,600 --> 00:04:21,350 Grant o RG you can they have you can 100 00:04:25,999 --> 00:04:23,610 find this webpage over here 101 00:04:27,740 --> 00:04:26,009 on Fridays by 5 or 6 p.m. they will 102 00:04:30,260 --> 00:04:27,750 announced whether or not they're going 103 00:04:34,399 --> 00:04:30,270 to open the observatory Friday evenings 104 00:04:36,230 --> 00:04:34,409 for observing ok all right we are not 105 00:04:38,270 --> 00:04:36,240 going to have the news from the universe 106 00:04:40,999 --> 00:04:38,280 that I usually do since I am your 107 00:04:43,249 --> 00:04:41,009 speaker tonight I didn't have time to 108 00:04:48,100 --> 00:04:43,259 prepare the news of universe so I will 109 00:04:51,200 --> 00:04:48,110 now introduce our speaker our speaker 110 00:04:52,820 --> 00:04:51,210 our speaker is Frank summers of the 111 00:04:55,399 --> 00:04:52,830 office of public outreach here at Space 112 00:04:59,959 --> 00:04:55,409 Telescope Science Institute he's been 113 00:05:03,469 --> 00:04:59,969 here since 2001 working on all aspects 114 00:05:05,240 --> 00:05:03,479 of Hubble Space Telescope public 115 00:05:07,459 --> 00:05:05,250 outreach whether it's websites or 116 00:05:10,399 --> 00:05:07,469 educational materials or the news 117 00:05:13,249 --> 00:05:10,409 releases or his specialty which is 118 00:05:16,249 --> 00:05:13,259 scientific visualizations and because 119 00:05:18,350 --> 00:05:16,259 he's an astronomer who makes movies who 120 00:05:22,309 --> 00:05:18,360 does visualizations he likes to call 121 00:05:24,519 --> 00:05:22,319 himself an astrophysicist he also thinks 122 00:05:27,110 --> 00:05:24,529 it sounds kind of cool 123 00:05:30,529 --> 00:05:27,120 it's just a play on astrophysicist who 124 00:05:32,269 --> 00:05:30,539 does visualizations let's see I usually 125 00:05:34,730 --> 00:05:32,279 tell you something special about myself 126 00:05:37,519 --> 00:05:34,740 when I give the talks I didn't prepare 127 00:05:40,459 --> 00:05:37,529 anything special before I was here at 128 00:05:42,050 --> 00:05:40,469 the Space Telescope I was at the 129 00:05:44,930 --> 00:05:42,060 American Museum of Natural History in 130 00:05:46,730 --> 00:05:44,940 New York where Neil Tyson Steve Souter 131 00:05:50,540 --> 00:05:46,740 and I built the Rose Center for Earth 132 00:05:52,909 --> 00:05:50,550 and space that opened in 2000 and before 133 00:05:56,209 --> 00:05:52,919 that I did postdocs at Columbia and 134 00:05:59,329 --> 00:05:56,219 Princeton and my PhD came from you Cal 135 00:06:11,670 --> 00:05:59,339 Berkeley so ladies and gentlemen while I 136 00:06:20,850 --> 00:06:19,620 mr. Frank summers all right can we get 137 00:06:23,480 --> 00:06:20,860 the lights down a little in the audience 138 00:06:28,740 --> 00:06:27,870 all right it is really fun to be here 139 00:06:30,870 --> 00:06:28,750 tonight okay 140 00:06:35,990 --> 00:06:30,880 being able to show you this project that 141 00:06:38,909 --> 00:06:36,000 we worked on for about 18 months just a 142 00:06:41,999 --> 00:06:38,919 there sometimes you get to work on 143 00:06:45,270 --> 00:06:42,009 really special projects and this is one 144 00:06:47,879 --> 00:06:45,280 of them it's gonna give you my guide to 145 00:06:51,390 --> 00:06:47,889 deep field the impossible magnitude of 146 00:06:54,150 --> 00:06:51,400 universe this film that is based on a 147 00:06:55,590 --> 00:06:54,160 symphony called Deep Field by the 148 00:06:58,980 --> 00:06:55,600 composer Eric Whitacre 149 00:07:04,230 --> 00:06:58,990 and the first question that people often 150 00:07:08,480 --> 00:07:04,240 have is why would a Hubble image be 151 00:07:10,260 --> 00:07:08,490 deserving of a 24-minute symphony huh 152 00:07:13,080 --> 00:07:10,270 what's going on here 153 00:07:14,939 --> 00:07:13,090 so let's start with the Deep Field and 154 00:07:17,879 --> 00:07:14,949 to explain the Deep Field we're gonna 155 00:07:20,430 --> 00:07:17,889 start here this is the constellation of 156 00:07:23,520 --> 00:07:20,440 Ursa Major most of you know it as the 157 00:07:25,050 --> 00:07:23,530 Big Dipper okay we're going to zoom in 158 00:07:28,110 --> 00:07:25,060 all right so we're gonna zoom into this 159 00:07:29,430 --> 00:07:28,120 region go in a little closer all right 160 00:07:32,430 --> 00:07:29,440 and then we're gonna zoom into this 161 00:07:34,620 --> 00:07:32,440 region and go a little closer and then 162 00:07:36,980 --> 00:07:34,630 we're gonna zoom into this region and go 163 00:07:41,189 --> 00:07:36,990 a little closer and we'll go soom 164 00:07:44,610 --> 00:07:41,199 further get a little closer at one more 165 00:07:49,050 --> 00:07:44,620 time going in down to this field of view 166 00:07:52,680 --> 00:07:49,060 ah isn't that amazing yeah we're talking 167 00:07:54,960 --> 00:07:52,690 about this rectangle right there what 168 00:07:58,950 --> 00:07:54,970 can you guys see there I can see like 169 00:08:01,469 --> 00:07:58,960 two fuzzy nothing's there it's in this 170 00:08:05,010 --> 00:08:01,479 ground-based survey there's nothing 171 00:08:08,540 --> 00:08:05,020 there basically right okay so what would 172 00:08:12,629 --> 00:08:08,550 you say if prominent astronomers 173 00:08:17,010 --> 00:08:12,639 proposed to stare at this empty region 174 00:08:20,339 --> 00:08:17,020 and use eleven days of Hubble observing 175 00:08:24,120 --> 00:08:20,349 a total of a hundred and forty hours of 176 00:08:27,580 --> 00:08:24,130 observing looking at nothing what would 177 00:08:35,089 --> 00:08:32,329 it sounds like a crazy idea okay and you 178 00:08:37,010 --> 00:08:35,099 know what a few astronomers at the time 179 00:08:39,950 --> 00:08:37,020 would have agreed with you all right 180 00:08:42,019 --> 00:08:39,960 so the idea behind this was to use the 181 00:08:43,430 --> 00:08:42,029 incredible resolution of Hubble and the 182 00:08:46,250 --> 00:08:43,440 fact that it's up above Earth's 183 00:08:48,829 --> 00:08:46,260 atmosphere and has this clear view to 184 00:08:51,050 --> 00:08:48,839 see as far out into the universe as we 185 00:08:54,530 --> 00:08:51,060 could see alright we want to see 186 00:08:55,970 --> 00:08:54,540 galaxies at their most distant but the 187 00:08:58,519 --> 00:08:55,980 folks who said this was a crazy idea 188 00:08:59,990 --> 00:08:58,529 said well wait a bit wait galaxies as 189 00:09:02,110 --> 00:09:00,000 they get further and further away are 190 00:09:05,720 --> 00:09:02,120 gonna get smaller and smaller and 191 00:09:08,810 --> 00:09:05,730 fainter and fainter and eventually you 192 00:09:11,510 --> 00:09:08,820 won't be able to see them and you could 193 00:09:14,000 --> 00:09:11,520 end up wasting a tremendous amount of 194 00:09:16,130 --> 00:09:14,010 Hubble time and Hubble time is really 195 00:09:19,310 --> 00:09:16,140 valuable here to spend six days 196 00:09:22,670 --> 00:09:19,320 integrative integration time on a blank 197 00:09:24,230 --> 00:09:22,680 field but the director of the Space 198 00:09:28,700 --> 00:09:24,240 Telescope Science Institute at the time 199 00:09:31,130 --> 00:09:28,710 Bob Williams was convinced that if we 200 00:09:33,860 --> 00:09:31,140 saw something it would be fantastic and 201 00:09:35,630 --> 00:09:33,870 if we didn't see something it would 202 00:09:37,910 --> 00:09:35,640 still be really good because it would 203 00:09:40,400 --> 00:09:37,920 show us the limitations of astronomy 204 00:09:42,440 --> 00:09:40,410 so as the director and using his 205 00:09:44,990 --> 00:09:42,450 director's discretionary time he 206 00:09:52,040 --> 00:09:45,000 approved the original Hubble Deep Field 207 00:09:57,370 --> 00:09:52,050 project the results were astounding in 208 00:10:00,550 --> 00:09:57,380 this small tiny field they found over 209 00:10:04,310 --> 00:10:00,560 3,000 galaxies stretching out to 210 00:10:07,790 --> 00:10:04,320 distances beyond where galaxies had ever 211 00:10:10,640 --> 00:10:07,800 been seen this was the original Hubble 212 00:10:14,269 --> 00:10:10,650 Deep Field done in 1996 and it was so 213 00:10:17,240 --> 00:10:14,279 successful it changed cosmology that we 214 00:10:19,430 --> 00:10:17,250 not only have this but we had follow-on 215 00:10:22,579 --> 00:10:19,440 projects on the right you see the Hubble 216 00:10:25,250 --> 00:10:22,589 ultra-deep field that was taken in 2003 217 00:10:27,590 --> 00:10:25,260 and released in 2004 it covered a 218 00:10:30,620 --> 00:10:27,600 slightly larger field with a new camera 219 00:10:33,410 --> 00:10:30,630 on Hubble went even deeper than the 220 00:10:37,680 --> 00:10:33,420 original one and found about 10,000 221 00:10:40,830 --> 00:10:37,690 galaxies and a very tiny region of sky 222 00:10:42,480 --> 00:10:40,840 how small well I sort of did the zoom 223 00:10:44,550 --> 00:10:42,490 but you sort of get lost on the scale of 224 00:10:47,400 --> 00:10:44,560 it let's compare the size of the Hubble 225 00:10:50,910 --> 00:10:47,410 ultra-deep field to the size of the full 226 00:10:54,090 --> 00:10:50,920 moon okay it's really about the size of 227 00:10:57,120 --> 00:10:54,100 oh one of these moiré over here on the 228 00:10:58,710 --> 00:10:57,130 moon now I know some of you probably 229 00:11:02,070 --> 00:10:58,720 think that the full moon is actually 230 00:11:04,290 --> 00:11:02,080 really really large and I have no idea 231 00:11:07,770 --> 00:11:04,300 where you could possibly have gotten 232 00:11:10,740 --> 00:11:07,780 such a silly idea but if you take a real 233 00:11:12,330 --> 00:11:10,750 view of the full moon and you look at it 234 00:11:15,380 --> 00:11:12,340 you can see that the full moon is only 235 00:11:18,090 --> 00:11:15,390 half a degree across on the sky and 236 00:11:21,750 --> 00:11:18,100 Hubble ultra-deep field being about you 237 00:11:27,350 --> 00:11:21,760 know one third or one tenth of size of 238 00:11:30,930 --> 00:11:27,360 it there are over 12 million patches 239 00:11:31,770 --> 00:11:30,940 entire night sky the size of the Hubble 240 00:11:34,860 --> 00:11:31,780 ultra-deep field 241 00:11:40,410 --> 00:11:34,870 it is 112 millionth of the entire night 242 00:11:42,480 --> 00:11:40,420 sky but in it we see galaxies across the 243 00:11:44,580 --> 00:11:42,490 universe and here are some details from 244 00:11:46,920 --> 00:11:44,590 the Hubble Ultra Deep Field we can see 245 00:11:48,510 --> 00:11:46,930 big galaxies that are nearby like here 246 00:11:50,730 --> 00:11:48,520 in the upper right we can see 247 00:11:53,100 --> 00:11:50,740 medium-sized galaxies we can the smaller 248 00:11:55,350 --> 00:11:53,110 and smaller galaxies we can see flotsam 249 00:11:57,330 --> 00:11:55,360 and jetsam galaxies and so this is a 250 00:11:59,280 --> 00:11:57,340 core sample through the universe 251 00:12:02,250 --> 00:11:59,290 stretching out billions of light-years 252 00:12:05,580 --> 00:12:02,260 through the universe studying galaxies 253 00:12:06,180 --> 00:12:05,590 and if you want to study galaxies in the 254 00:12:10,080 --> 00:12:06,190 universe 255 00:12:13,110 --> 00:12:10,090 this is your rosetta stone this is how 256 00:12:16,860 --> 00:12:13,120 we transformed our understanding of 257 00:12:19,380 --> 00:12:16,870 galaxies in the universe so that's the 258 00:12:22,020 --> 00:12:19,390 story of why the Hubble Deep Field is so 259 00:12:24,870 --> 00:12:22,030 important and it caught the attention of 260 00:12:28,170 --> 00:12:24,880 this man composer and conductor Eric 261 00:12:32,040 --> 00:12:28,180 Whitacre and he decided that he was 262 00:12:35,820 --> 00:12:32,050 going to write a symphony expressing 263 00:12:40,080 --> 00:12:35,830 some of this all and you know immensity 264 00:12:42,840 --> 00:12:40,090 of the of the deep field now I can't 265 00:12:44,340 --> 00:12:42,850 explain his reasoning as well as he can 266 00:12:46,860 --> 00:12:44,350 I've heard him present this several 267 00:12:50,760 --> 00:12:46,870 times but he gave me this slide here 268 00:12:51,510 --> 00:12:50,770 that is one of his drawings of how he 269 00:12:53,850 --> 00:12:51,520 sort of died 270 00:12:56,100 --> 00:12:53,860 out his ideas for the Deep Field 271 00:12:58,980 --> 00:12:56,110 Symphony and you can see that it has 272 00:13:02,280 --> 00:12:58,990 this opening up starting small and 273 00:13:04,650 --> 00:13:02,290 rising up and making it big and he talks 274 00:13:07,680 --> 00:13:04,660 about it being muddy and out of focus in 275 00:13:09,750 --> 00:13:07,690 the beginning which is to him to sort of 276 00:13:11,730 --> 00:13:09,760 reflect the fact that the Hubble Space 277 00:13:14,130 --> 00:13:11,740 Telescope was as you remember 278 00:13:15,900 --> 00:13:14,140 out-of-focus to begin until after 279 00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:15,910 servicing mission one when it was 280 00:13:20,760 --> 00:13:18,010 repaired and we had brought it into 281 00:13:22,920 --> 00:13:20,770 focus so one of his themes in his music 282 00:13:24,480 --> 00:13:22,930 is gonna be take things that the music 283 00:13:27,780 --> 00:13:24,490 is gonna be slightly out of focus and 284 00:13:30,690 --> 00:13:27,790 then come into focus it's gonna grow and 285 00:13:32,490 --> 00:13:30,700 and you know progress forward and pull 286 00:13:36,890 --> 00:13:32,500 back progress forward and pull back 287 00:13:39,570 --> 00:13:36,900 until it reaches this triumphant chord 288 00:13:43,590 --> 00:13:39,580 at the presentation of the Ultra Deep 289 00:13:45,090 --> 00:13:43,600 Field and you'll I'll explain some of 290 00:13:46,680 --> 00:13:45,100 the other things things about it as I'm 291 00:13:49,350 --> 00:13:46,690 going through here but he really has 292 00:13:51,690 --> 00:13:49,360 this full complete idea of all these 293 00:13:54,000 --> 00:13:51,700 themes that he wants to do and certain 294 00:13:57,090 --> 00:13:54,010 notes and presentations and this this 295 00:13:59,940 --> 00:13:57,100 golden brick idea of the the repeating 296 00:14:02,400 --> 00:13:59,950 themes that he works through in order to 297 00:14:05,430 --> 00:14:02,410 try and express some of the majesty that 298 00:14:09,200 --> 00:14:05,440 you are presented with in this field so 299 00:14:11,640 --> 00:14:09,210 he wrote this 24 minutes Symphony and he 300 00:14:14,450 --> 00:14:11,650 conducted it and it's had its world 301 00:14:17,940 --> 00:14:14,460 premiere in Minneapolis Minnesota and 302 00:14:22,370 --> 00:14:17,950 attending that performance was Bob 303 00:14:24,510 --> 00:14:22,380 Williams the stsci director who had 304 00:14:27,870 --> 00:14:24,520 allowed the deep field to happen to 305 00:14:30,840 --> 00:14:27,880 begin with and Bob amongst others I'm 306 00:14:33,570 --> 00:14:30,850 going to understand met Eric afterwards 307 00:14:36,360 --> 00:14:33,580 and said you must combine this Symphony 308 00:14:39,960 --> 00:14:36,370 with the Hubble visuals to make an 309 00:14:43,560 --> 00:14:39,970 incredible fusion of science and music 310 00:14:45,330 --> 00:14:43,570 together so that's what Eric did I 311 00:14:48,050 --> 00:14:45,340 actually think Eric probably wanted to 312 00:14:50,820 --> 00:14:48,060 do this already he assembled a team 313 00:14:52,800 --> 00:14:50,830 first starting with 59 productions a 314 00:14:57,300 --> 00:14:52,810 london-based production company that 315 00:14:59,360 --> 00:14:57,310 does unbelievable presentations this is 316 00:15:02,550 --> 00:14:59,370 from their website where they put video 317 00:15:05,400 --> 00:15:02,560 onto the Sydney Opera House the entire 318 00:15:07,259 --> 00:15:05,410 Sydney Opera House covered in 319 00:15:09,869 --> 00:15:07,269 video projections right they put 320 00:15:13,259 --> 00:15:09,879 projections on castles and on 747 321 00:15:16,350 --> 00:15:13,269 airplanes they do amazing work in 322 00:15:18,090 --> 00:15:16,360 combining art and technology and then of 323 00:15:20,759 --> 00:15:18,100 course he also came here to the Space 324 00:15:22,379 --> 00:15:20,769 Telescope Science Institute because we 325 00:15:26,610 --> 00:15:22,389 are the ones who have the Hubble images 326 00:15:28,530 --> 00:15:26,620 and we have the the visual of scientific 327 00:15:32,689 --> 00:15:28,540 visualizations of those Hubble images 328 00:15:38,519 --> 00:15:36,509 so we just met with Eric we showed him a 329 00:15:40,199 --> 00:15:38,529 variety of our work and we started to 330 00:15:42,990 --> 00:15:40,209 talk through what we could do because 331 00:15:45,269 --> 00:15:43,000 look you can't show that Ultra Deep 332 00:15:47,819 --> 00:15:45,279 Field for 24 minutes okay this this 333 00:15:50,519 --> 00:15:47,829 movie can't be just about what image 334 00:15:52,949 --> 00:15:50,529 okay what it really needs to be about is 335 00:15:55,559 --> 00:15:52,959 that journey to understand that image 336 00:15:57,660 --> 00:15:55,569 that progression from what we see here 337 00:16:01,530 --> 00:15:57,670 on earth out through the solar system 338 00:16:03,929 --> 00:16:01,540 and stars and nebulae and galaxies until 339 00:16:05,879 --> 00:16:03,939 you can get out to the farthest edge of 340 00:16:08,240 --> 00:16:05,889 the universe and so we developed in 341 00:16:10,740 --> 00:16:08,250 collaboration with 59 productions and 342 00:16:12,960 --> 00:16:10,750 music production is limited this story 343 00:16:15,629 --> 00:16:12,970 line of various ideas and everything and 344 00:16:19,230 --> 00:16:15,639 it was all taking the music first and 345 00:16:22,889 --> 00:16:19,240 then trying to craft visuals that would 346 00:16:24,360 --> 00:16:22,899 do justice to this music I will say here 347 00:16:27,230 --> 00:16:24,370 at the Space Telescope Science Institute 348 00:16:29,189 --> 00:16:27,240 we contributed 11 sequences to this film 349 00:16:31,470 --> 00:16:29,199 seven of which we it had already 350 00:16:34,650 --> 00:16:31,480 produced and four of which were brand 351 00:16:37,439 --> 00:16:34,660 new this is our team that worked on the 352 00:16:38,720 --> 00:16:37,449 four new ones - one person that you'll 353 00:16:43,439 --> 00:16:38,730 see in just a minute 354 00:16:45,840 --> 00:16:43,449 this is myself Joe Danny and Greg we're 355 00:16:48,509 --> 00:16:45,850 down at NASA Kennedy Space Center last 356 00:16:51,870 --> 00:16:48,519 fall for the grand or the world premiere 357 00:16:55,710 --> 00:16:51,880 of this film so we don't have a huge 358 00:16:58,650 --> 00:16:55,720 staff ok this is not like your latest 359 00:17:00,509 --> 00:16:58,660 Avengers blockbuster CGI fest where 360 00:17:03,059 --> 00:17:00,519 there's five hundred people working on 361 00:17:07,470 --> 00:17:03,069 the computer graphics okay we got five 362 00:17:10,100 --> 00:17:07,480 here guys okay but that's part of what 363 00:17:13,770 --> 00:17:10,110 made it such a special project for us 364 00:17:16,829 --> 00:17:13,780 because it was audacious and ambitious 365 00:17:18,569 --> 00:17:16,839 so let me talk you through a variety of 366 00:17:19,649 --> 00:17:18,579 the sequences of 367 00:17:21,090 --> 00:17:19,659 the deep field matter fact I'm gonna 368 00:17:24,360 --> 00:17:21,100 talk you through all of the astronomy 369 00:17:26,850 --> 00:17:24,370 sequences because when people sit down 370 00:17:30,870 --> 00:17:26,860 and watch it I'm always getting people 371 00:17:32,519 --> 00:17:30,880 with suing mere Oh what's this 372 00:17:34,320 --> 00:17:32,529 and I don't want you doing that during 373 00:17:35,820 --> 00:17:34,330 the film okay I want you to know what 374 00:17:37,950 --> 00:17:35,830 you're looking at so I'm gonna tell you 375 00:17:39,210 --> 00:17:37,960 all of the sign all of the astronomy 376 00:17:42,779 --> 00:17:39,220 sequences that you're gonna look at all 377 00:17:46,680 --> 00:17:42,789 right so the film begins with a view of 378 00:17:51,990 --> 00:17:46,690 the night sky and actually it starts out 379 00:17:53,700 --> 00:17:52,000 of focus and slowly can we get it can 380 00:17:56,070 --> 00:17:53,710 you guys see this well I'm not sure that 381 00:17:58,529 --> 00:17:56,080 this light is too bright 382 00:18:00,629 --> 00:17:58,539 I need the light off the screen as much 383 00:18:02,580 --> 00:18:00,639 as possible nobody needs to see me by 384 00:18:05,629 --> 00:18:02,590 the way okay we they need to see the 385 00:18:07,860 --> 00:18:05,639 screen though so take some lights down 386 00:18:09,600 --> 00:18:07,870 astronomy has it has a major problem 387 00:18:13,560 --> 00:18:09,610 because we do a lot of black in our 388 00:18:16,889 --> 00:18:13,570 night skies I think it's probably this 389 00:18:23,759 --> 00:18:16,899 one that that's coming the panel one 390 00:18:25,230 --> 00:18:23,769 that's I need on me all right 391 00:18:27,659 --> 00:18:25,240 well I guess you guess you can see it up 392 00:18:28,230 --> 00:18:27,669 on that screen okay there we go thank 393 00:18:30,450 --> 00:18:28,240 you 394 00:18:33,500 --> 00:18:30,460 whatever that did that worked all right 395 00:18:36,779 --> 00:18:33,510 and slowly it starts coming into focus 396 00:18:37,279 --> 00:18:36,789 until you can see the stars of the night 397 00:18:39,840 --> 00:18:37,289 sky 398 00:18:42,570 --> 00:18:39,850 now that was what fifty-nine productions 399 00:18:45,149 --> 00:18:42,580 wanted to do to mirror the ideas in 400 00:18:48,960 --> 00:18:45,159 Eric's music of the music slowly coming 401 00:18:52,379 --> 00:18:48,970 into focus Hubble the flaw coming into 402 00:18:55,950 --> 00:18:52,389 focus and the major transitions in the 403 00:19:00,210 --> 00:18:55,960 film include that change out of OD focus 404 00:19:03,960 --> 00:19:00,220 too focused and then this sequence leads 405 00:19:06,419 --> 00:19:03,970 on into showing you the milky way that 406 00:19:08,399 --> 00:19:06,429 goes across the night sky and one of the 407 00:19:10,710 --> 00:19:08,409 other really great things that I love 408 00:19:12,330 --> 00:19:10,720 that they did was that as the music 409 00:19:14,519 --> 00:19:12,340 slowly built it starts off with these 410 00:19:17,299 --> 00:19:14,529 hanging notes that are thin and just 411 00:19:20,639 --> 00:19:17,309 free and as this music builds and builds 412 00:19:24,149 --> 00:19:20,649 they build the exposure okay so you 413 00:19:26,549 --> 00:19:24,159 start off seeing just the stars but they 414 00:19:31,019 --> 00:19:26,559 increase the exposure so that you can 415 00:19:32,370 --> 00:19:31,029 see the full milky milky way as as the 416 00:19:35,700 --> 00:19:32,380 as music builds and it's 417 00:19:39,390 --> 00:19:35,710 just increases along with it this 418 00:19:42,450 --> 00:19:39,400 sequence here was shot by our own very 419 00:19:45,270 --> 00:19:42,460 very own astronomical image processors 420 00:19:47,340 --> 00:19:45,280 Olave he has been our master image 421 00:19:51,090 --> 00:19:47,350 processor on Hubble images for many 422 00:19:54,330 --> 00:19:51,100 years and retired last fall just before 423 00:19:56,640 --> 00:19:54,340 this film was released and not only 424 00:20:01,080 --> 00:19:56,650 dealing with astronomical images he is a 425 00:20:02,970 --> 00:20:01,090 avid Astro photographer himself such 426 00:20:05,670 --> 00:20:02,980 that he was given an artist-in-residence 427 00:20:09,150 --> 00:20:05,680 at Capitol Reef National Park last 428 00:20:11,430 --> 00:20:09,160 summer and while he was there he spent 429 00:20:14,970 --> 00:20:11,440 several nights tracking getting these 430 00:20:18,330 --> 00:20:14,980 time-lapse of imagery of the Milky Way 431 00:20:22,650 --> 00:20:18,340 this is old in his national park 432 00:20:25,410 --> 00:20:22,660 official volunteer outfit they told him 433 00:20:27,120 --> 00:20:25,420 he did he got to keep the shirt but not 434 00:20:31,410 --> 00:20:27,130 the Hat or vice versa I can't remember 435 00:20:33,990 --> 00:20:31,420 which all right 436 00:20:36,090 --> 00:20:34,000 also this shot over here on the right is 437 00:20:38,820 --> 00:20:36,100 from Capitol Reef and it shows a very 438 00:20:40,440 --> 00:20:38,830 important thing that right there now 439 00:20:43,800 --> 00:20:40,450 many of you might look at that and go oh 440 00:20:45,450 --> 00:20:43,810 that's a meteor trail no it's not it's 441 00:20:47,790 --> 00:20:45,460 an airplane okay 442 00:20:49,590 --> 00:20:47,800 Capitol Reef National Park is out in the 443 00:20:50,640 --> 00:20:49,600 middle of nowhere but it's not so far 444 00:20:54,660 --> 00:20:50,650 out in the middle of nowhere that 445 00:20:58,500 --> 00:20:54,670 airplanes don't fly through so in zoltes 446 00:21:01,350 --> 00:20:58,510 time-lapse over 70 airplanes flew 447 00:21:04,650 --> 00:21:01,360 through his time-lapse there was an 448 00:21:08,220 --> 00:21:04,660 intern at 59 productions who spent his 449 00:21:11,610 --> 00:21:08,230 entire work on the project removing 450 00:21:14,610 --> 00:21:11,620 those airplanes from the Milky Way from 451 00:21:17,280 --> 00:21:14,620 thing so the fact that there are no 452 00:21:19,760 --> 00:21:17,290 airplanes in the Milky Way sequence you 453 00:21:22,170 --> 00:21:19,770 can thank that intern at 59 productions 454 00:21:25,470 --> 00:21:22,180 the other cool thing about the milky way 455 00:21:27,240 --> 00:21:25,480 shot is the D focus at the end of it and 456 00:21:28,830 --> 00:21:27,250 they D focus out you can start to see 457 00:21:31,080 --> 00:21:28,840 there's this funky little pattern here 458 00:21:35,460 --> 00:21:31,090 that they use for the D focus it's not 459 00:21:38,460 --> 00:21:35,470 just a circular blur this is in fact the 460 00:21:42,270 --> 00:21:38,470 point spread function of Hubble before 461 00:21:46,259 --> 00:21:42,280 the flaw was fixed so this is actually a 462 00:21:50,849 --> 00:21:46,269 typical would take of a point 463 00:21:52,259 --> 00:21:50,859 in 1990 before the the flaw was fixed 464 00:21:54,180 --> 00:21:52,269 after the services servicing mission one 465 00:21:55,619 --> 00:21:54,190 so that's like just a cute little thing 466 00:21:57,599 --> 00:21:55,629 that they threw in in one of the 467 00:21:59,820 --> 00:21:57,609 defocusing things to throw in the point 468 00:22:02,519 --> 00:21:59,830 spread function from Hubble all right 469 00:22:03,389 --> 00:22:02,529 the next set of sequences is the solar 470 00:22:05,129 --> 00:22:03,399 system 471 00:22:07,320 --> 00:22:05,139 we here at Space Telescope did not work 472 00:22:10,919 --> 00:22:07,330 on them because these are all NASA 473 00:22:13,249 --> 00:22:10,929 missions that go through it begins with 474 00:22:14,430 --> 00:22:13,259 the moon from Lunar Reconnaissance 475 00:22:18,419 --> 00:22:14,440 Orbiter 476 00:22:20,299 --> 00:22:18,429 these are wonderful wonderful pans and I 477 00:22:22,349 --> 00:22:20,309 will say that while that was it AMNH 478 00:22:25,919 --> 00:22:22,359 people would come to me and say wait a 479 00:22:28,919 --> 00:22:25,929 minute we went to the moon and also we 480 00:22:31,079 --> 00:22:28,929 took we're black-and-white cameras and 481 00:22:35,069 --> 00:22:31,089 then of course you show them all right 482 00:22:37,859 --> 00:22:35,079 well yeah we went to the moon but these 483 00:22:38,909 --> 00:22:37,869 are color photographs of a black and 484 00:22:42,509 --> 00:22:38,919 white world 485 00:22:44,219 --> 00:22:42,519 all right so yes the moon is just black 486 00:22:46,109 --> 00:22:44,229 and white but that's the way the moon 487 00:22:48,419 --> 00:22:46,119 really is not because we're not 488 00:22:51,389 --> 00:22:48,429 colorizing these things if you want 489 00:22:54,299 --> 00:22:51,399 color you get in the next sequence from 490 00:22:56,899 --> 00:22:54,309 Mars a whole sequence of images from 491 00:22:59,310 --> 00:22:56,909 Viking and from Mars Global Surveyor 492 00:23:03,810 --> 00:22:59,320 incredible details of the surface of 493 00:23:06,839 --> 00:23:03,820 Mars the Jupiter sequence comes from the 494 00:23:09,749 --> 00:23:06,849 mission Juno and Juno I don't know if 495 00:23:11,879 --> 00:23:09,759 you know is a mission that's designed to 496 00:23:14,459 --> 00:23:11,889 study the magnetosphere and the 497 00:23:19,379 --> 00:23:14,469 atmosphere and the interior of Jupiter 498 00:23:22,289 --> 00:23:19,389 it really isn't a imager it doesn't take 499 00:23:25,379 --> 00:23:22,299 pictures none of the science data from 500 00:23:28,169 --> 00:23:25,389 the Juno mission are pictures what we 501 00:23:31,999 --> 00:23:28,179 see from Juno is actually a instrument 502 00:23:35,149 --> 00:23:32,009 called Juno cam which is essentially a 503 00:23:37,859 --> 00:23:35,159 webcam added to the scientific mission 504 00:23:39,180 --> 00:23:37,869 they recognize that we're going to get 505 00:23:41,399 --> 00:23:39,190 this incredible data about the 506 00:23:44,279 --> 00:23:41,409 magnetosphere of jupiter but the public 507 00:23:48,060 --> 00:23:44,289 loves our images so they put a space 508 00:23:50,729 --> 00:23:48,070 hardened web cam type apparatus on it 509 00:23:52,829 --> 00:23:50,739 and when judo makes these gorgeous flow 510 00:23:55,440 --> 00:23:52,839 these flybys they get these gorgeous 511 00:23:58,560 --> 00:23:55,450 images of the cloud tops of Jupiter and 512 00:24:00,180 --> 00:23:58,570 really has been produced much more 513 00:24:02,670 --> 00:24:00,190 amazing images than I ever 514 00:24:04,620 --> 00:24:02,680 would be possible with the level of 515 00:24:07,190 --> 00:24:04,630 camera that they put on it and you'll 516 00:24:10,280 --> 00:24:07,200 see tonight that they're just amazing 517 00:24:13,500 --> 00:24:10,290 finally the last platter that glass 518 00:24:15,480 --> 00:24:13,510 planet visited is Saturn and you might 519 00:24:18,540 --> 00:24:15,490 look at this and say well why did they 520 00:24:20,580 --> 00:24:18,550 put in a still shot of Saturn it's not a 521 00:24:23,520 --> 00:24:20,590 still shot you must watch for these 522 00:24:25,470 --> 00:24:23,530 objects right there those are the moons 523 00:24:27,840 --> 00:24:25,480 of Saturn and you will see them move 524 00:24:30,390 --> 00:24:27,850 through it Saturn itself doesn't change 525 00:24:32,820 --> 00:24:30,400 much in the shot in the film but there 526 00:24:34,550 --> 00:24:32,830 are five moons four here there's a fifth 527 00:24:37,410 --> 00:24:34,560 one that enters at the top of the screen 528 00:24:41,040 --> 00:24:37,420 that will be part of it okay and that's 529 00:24:43,740 --> 00:24:41,050 the movement that covers the planets the 530 00:24:47,280 --> 00:24:43,750 next movement in the film covers these 531 00:24:50,100 --> 00:24:47,290 stars and nebulae so the symphony you 532 00:24:51,810 --> 00:24:50,110 know changes a bit and introduced brings 533 00:24:55,440 --> 00:24:51,820 in our nearest star which is of course 534 00:24:56,670 --> 00:24:55,450 our Sun this is the Sun in ultraviolet 535 00:25:00,660 --> 00:24:56,680 light from the Solar Dynamics 536 00:25:03,870 --> 00:25:00,670 Observatory and when you he see that and 537 00:25:06,300 --> 00:25:03,880 hear the chord that comes with it you 538 00:25:08,760 --> 00:25:06,310 will start to hear the priests aging of 539 00:25:11,670 --> 00:25:08,770 the Magnificent chord that will happen 540 00:25:15,660 --> 00:25:11,680 with the deep field and this one comes 541 00:25:17,550 --> 00:25:15,670 in and it's slightly out of focus when I 542 00:25:20,520 --> 00:25:17,560 first heard it I was like what's he 543 00:25:22,680 --> 00:25:20,530 doing here I didn't really I like this 544 00:25:25,710 --> 00:25:22,690 is is this out of key or what it's 545 00:25:28,350 --> 00:25:25,720 intentionally slightly out of focus so 546 00:25:31,260 --> 00:25:28,360 that the music clarifies over the course 547 00:25:34,410 --> 00:25:31,270 of its development all right and so this 548 00:25:36,300 --> 00:25:34,420 is a really nice a nice way of 549 00:25:39,660 --> 00:25:36,310 appreciating what he's going to come up 550 00:25:42,180 --> 00:25:39,670 with we pull out of the Sun and then we 551 00:25:44,070 --> 00:25:42,190 start to fly through a star filled with 552 00:25:46,530 --> 00:25:44,080 the Milky Way in the background so 553 00:25:48,450 --> 00:25:46,540 escape out of our solar system starts 554 00:25:51,450 --> 00:25:48,460 flying through a star field and this 555 00:25:54,390 --> 00:25:51,460 shot here was based on a shot that I did 556 00:25:57,060 --> 00:25:54,400 for a documentary filmmaker flying 557 00:25:58,590 --> 00:25:57,070 towards the Orion constellation and I 558 00:26:00,110 --> 00:25:58,600 just want to mention one thing about it 559 00:26:03,960 --> 00:26:00,120 because it's going to come up in 560 00:26:05,730 --> 00:26:03,970 different pattern later that the Milky 561 00:26:08,220 --> 00:26:05,740 Way is so big that when you're flying 562 00:26:10,200 --> 00:26:08,230 through the local stars the Milky Way 563 00:26:12,960 --> 00:26:10,210 doesn't change that much so we use a 564 00:26:14,040 --> 00:26:12,970 standard technique where we have a star 565 00:26:17,850 --> 00:26:14,050 field 566 00:26:20,730 --> 00:26:17,860 we fly through it and the stars are all 567 00:26:21,960 --> 00:26:20,740 flying past you but the background is 568 00:26:25,710 --> 00:26:21,970 just a Milky Way 569 00:26:27,930 --> 00:26:25,720 that's a static 2d image okay so we have 570 00:26:30,240 --> 00:26:27,940 this foreground background thing to make 571 00:26:32,040 --> 00:26:30,250 our computation easier because trying to 572 00:26:34,590 --> 00:26:32,050 build out a full Milky Way that could be 573 00:26:37,080 --> 00:26:34,600 a difficult project right yeah you'll 574 00:26:38,460 --> 00:26:37,090 see in just a minute so this foreground 575 00:26:41,130 --> 00:26:38,470 background I just want you to keep that 576 00:26:43,830 --> 00:26:41,140 in mind for later we fly through the 577 00:26:47,160 --> 00:26:43,840 stars and we come up upon the star 578 00:26:51,030 --> 00:26:47,170 forming region sharpless 2 - 106 which 579 00:26:56,400 --> 00:26:54,060 of a sequence of four massive star 580 00:26:58,290 --> 00:26:56,410 sequences all right in the center of 581 00:27:00,990 --> 00:26:58,300 this this is a star forming region we've 582 00:27:04,560 --> 00:27:01,000 just formed a very massive star at the 583 00:27:07,350 --> 00:27:04,570 core of this nebula and the winds from 584 00:27:10,410 --> 00:27:07,360 this star and the ultraviolet radiation 585 00:27:12,870 --> 00:27:10,420 from this star have carved this nebula 586 00:27:15,240 --> 00:27:12,880 there's a probably a disc of material 587 00:27:17,400 --> 00:27:15,250 around this star here in the center 588 00:27:19,950 --> 00:27:17,410 which constrains things in that 589 00:27:22,350 --> 00:27:19,960 direction and allows the winds to blow 590 00:27:25,590 --> 00:27:22,360 out in opposite directions creating this 591 00:27:27,240 --> 00:27:25,600 hourglass shape to it and we knew enough 592 00:27:29,010 --> 00:27:27,250 about the 3d structure of this that we 593 00:27:32,430 --> 00:27:29,020 could build the model and we actually 594 00:27:34,890 --> 00:27:32,440 fly down onto it 59 production then 595 00:27:37,530 --> 00:27:34,900 takes us flying through it transfers 596 00:27:40,669 --> 00:27:37,540 over to the next nebula which is the 597 00:27:41,850 --> 00:27:40,679 bubble nebula a visualization we did in 598 00:27:44,430 --> 00:27:41,860 2016 599 00:27:49,470 --> 00:27:44,440 another massive star in the core of it 600 00:27:51,660 --> 00:27:49,480 and it has had ejection of a wind and 601 00:27:53,549 --> 00:27:51,670 that wind has got this bubble that is 602 00:27:55,950 --> 00:27:53,559 being blown in the center of this nebula 603 00:27:58,320 --> 00:27:55,960 and you may look at this bubble and say 604 00:28:02,520 --> 00:27:58,330 hey wait a minute how come the star is 605 00:28:03,510 --> 00:28:02,530 off-center that is actually correct that 606 00:28:06,570 --> 00:28:03,520 it is off-center 607 00:28:09,630 --> 00:28:06,580 because the nebula is on the left and 608 00:28:12,360 --> 00:28:09,640 the nebula has a pressure from it that 609 00:28:14,880 --> 00:28:12,370 resists the flow of the bubble the wind 610 00:28:17,520 --> 00:28:14,890 that's pushing making this bubble on the 611 00:28:20,640 --> 00:28:17,530 right the nebula is not there and it is 612 00:28:23,460 --> 00:28:20,650 able to expand more freely and expand so 613 00:28:25,980 --> 00:28:23,470 that this star actually is off-center 614 00:28:27,539 --> 00:28:25,990 within this gorgeous glowing bubble of 615 00:28:31,950 --> 00:28:27,549 the nebula 616 00:28:34,980 --> 00:28:31,960 next nebula is the Lagoon Nebula this 617 00:28:37,950 --> 00:28:34,990 was a visualization we did in 2018 and 618 00:28:40,560 --> 00:28:37,960 again you see a massive star here this 619 00:28:43,590 --> 00:28:40,570 one is actually hidden behind a lot of 620 00:28:46,889 --> 00:28:43,600 dark gas but it's a radiation is causing 621 00:28:50,100 --> 00:28:46,899 all of the the cool colors within the 622 00:28:52,500 --> 00:28:50,110 nebula this visualization also then 623 00:28:54,539 --> 00:28:52,510 rises up through the rest of the Lagoon 624 00:28:57,659 --> 00:28:54,549 Nebula and shows you some gorgeous 625 00:28:59,820 --> 00:28:57,669 ionization fronts there red ridges along 626 00:29:02,549 --> 00:28:59,830 the edge of the dark gas where the 627 00:29:05,730 --> 00:29:02,559 ionizing radiation hits the gas and 628 00:29:07,260 --> 00:29:05,740 causes the gas to to ionize gorgeous 629 00:29:10,049 --> 00:29:07,270 little ionization fronts look for them 630 00:29:13,560 --> 00:29:10,059 in that sequence and the last of our 631 00:29:15,600 --> 00:29:13,570 massive star sequences is a massive star 632 00:29:19,260 --> 00:29:15,610 cluster a cluster of massive stars 633 00:29:21,990 --> 00:29:19,270 called westerlyn - and Westerlund - has 634 00:29:24,630 --> 00:29:22,000 more the largest collections of massive 635 00:29:27,870 --> 00:29:24,640 stars in a cluster within a nebula 636 00:29:29,820 --> 00:29:27,880 that's called gum 29 and I'm going to 637 00:29:31,610 --> 00:29:29,830 tell you a bit about this one so you can 638 00:29:33,570 --> 00:29:31,620 get understanding of how we visualize 639 00:29:36,720 --> 00:29:33,580 sequences like this all of these 640 00:29:39,930 --> 00:29:36,730 sequences are visualized using a similar 641 00:29:42,389 --> 00:29:39,940 technique so here is the Westerlund - 642 00:29:45,149 --> 00:29:42,399 image that do we used for the 643 00:29:47,789 --> 00:29:45,159 visualization the central region is the 644 00:29:49,470 --> 00:29:47,799 Hubble image and the outer regions come 645 00:29:52,889 --> 00:29:49,480 from a European Southern Observatory 646 00:29:54,450 --> 00:29:52,899 larger image of gum 29 and the first 647 00:29:57,269 --> 00:29:54,460 thing we're gonna do to visualize this 648 00:30:00,539 --> 00:29:57,279 is we're gonna get rid of all those 649 00:30:04,860 --> 00:30:00,549 stars I love being able to do that with 650 00:30:07,830 --> 00:30:04,870 one click that as you might guess is a 651 00:30:10,279 --> 00:30:07,840 tremendous amount of work by our image 652 00:30:13,080 --> 00:30:10,289 processors they do some fantastic work 653 00:30:15,930 --> 00:30:13,090 but we got to get those stars back okay 654 00:30:17,250 --> 00:30:15,940 and we're not going to go in and cut out 655 00:30:19,529 --> 00:30:17,260 images of every single one of those 656 00:30:21,899 --> 00:30:19,539 stars and and paste them back into our 657 00:30:24,870 --> 00:30:21,909 3d model instead we're gonna use 658 00:30:27,539 --> 00:30:24,880 something that I like to call PSF stars 659 00:30:30,080 --> 00:30:27,549 or synthetic stars all right so we can 660 00:30:32,669 --> 00:30:30,090 go through with our astronomical image 661 00:30:34,440 --> 00:30:32,679 astronomical software and identify all 662 00:30:36,740 --> 00:30:34,450 the stars in the images and we've got 663 00:30:39,629 --> 00:30:36,750 them in several different filters okay 664 00:30:40,980 --> 00:30:39,639 the five five five is in the middle of 665 00:30:44,280 --> 00:30:40,990 the visible this is 666 00:30:46,919 --> 00:30:44,290 the red and this is in the infrared okay 667 00:30:49,980 --> 00:30:46,929 and so here's an image of all the stars 668 00:30:52,560 --> 00:30:49,990 in the Hubble image that are that there 669 00:30:55,500 --> 00:30:52,570 and their colors so we can measure the 670 00:30:57,390 --> 00:30:55,510 brightness --is and colors of every star 671 00:31:01,470 --> 00:30:57,400 in the image and put them into a catalog 672 00:31:05,160 --> 00:31:01,480 okay we also know a lot about the point 673 00:31:08,610 --> 00:31:05,170 spread function of a star we know how it 674 00:31:11,160 --> 00:31:08,620 goes from a very small dot to a larger 675 00:31:13,860 --> 00:31:11,170 and larger and larger and how the light 676 00:31:16,169 --> 00:31:13,870 spreads out across the Hubble detector 677 00:31:18,210 --> 00:31:16,179 so if we know the brightness of the star 678 00:31:21,660 --> 00:31:18,220 we can predict an we can predict 679 00:31:23,549 --> 00:31:21,670 accurately what it will look like on the 680 00:31:26,669 --> 00:31:23,559 Hubble image alright so using this 681 00:31:29,040 --> 00:31:26,679 catalog together we can create the 682 00:31:31,590 --> 00:31:29,050 colors of the stars and we can create 683 00:31:33,810 --> 00:31:31,600 the look of those stars synthetically 684 00:31:36,210 --> 00:31:33,820 without having to reap go back through 685 00:31:38,760 --> 00:31:36,220 an photoshop and cut things out we can 686 00:31:40,440 --> 00:31:38,770 do it scientifically all right the other 687 00:31:42,720 --> 00:31:40,450 thing we need to do is actually separate 688 00:31:46,049 --> 00:31:42,730 out which stars are in the foreground 689 00:31:48,090 --> 00:31:46,059 and which stars are in the cluster and 690 00:31:49,200 --> 00:31:48,100 we do this with a scientific measurement 691 00:31:52,590 --> 00:31:49,210 which we call the color magnitude 692 00:31:54,750 --> 00:31:52,600 diagram a CMD and it's basically a color 693 00:31:57,390 --> 00:31:54,760 color diagram and you can see the ones 694 00:31:59,669 --> 00:31:57,400 highlighted in red here are the ones 695 00:32:01,470 --> 00:31:59,679 that scientists we were working with 696 00:32:03,720 --> 00:32:01,480 identified as these are the ones that 697 00:32:06,390 --> 00:32:03,730 are in the cluster and this big long 698 00:32:08,610 --> 00:32:06,400 white swath of Owens these are the ones 699 00:32:11,340 --> 00:32:08,620 in the foreground and so we're able to 700 00:32:13,250 --> 00:32:11,350 map out and we subtract out the cluster 701 00:32:16,260 --> 00:32:13,260 stars you can see there's a little 702 00:32:19,290 --> 00:32:16,270 residual but overall pretty good and 703 00:32:20,669 --> 00:32:19,300 that takes care of the Hubble stars the 704 00:32:23,640 --> 00:32:20,679 other thing we can do is we can go to 705 00:32:25,410 --> 00:32:23,650 the 2mass catalog and pull in the stars 706 00:32:28,340 --> 00:32:25,420 in the rest of the field all of these 707 00:32:31,020 --> 00:32:28,350 white stars here use the 2mass catalog 708 00:32:33,270 --> 00:32:31,030 match them to the Hubble band passes and 709 00:32:36,180 --> 00:32:33,280 reproduce stars in the external part of 710 00:32:41,790 --> 00:32:36,190 the field so we can recreate all the 711 00:32:45,630 --> 00:32:41,800 stars and statistically distribute them 712 00:32:47,940 --> 00:32:45,640 around the nebula for for the thing so 713 00:32:51,840 --> 00:32:47,950 now we've got to get back to the nebula 714 00:32:54,549 --> 00:32:51,850 itself and this nebula is done with what 715 00:32:57,190 --> 00:32:54,559 process that we call sculpted decoupage 716 00:32:59,139 --> 00:32:57,200 alright illustrate that I'm going to 717 00:33:00,190 --> 00:32:59,149 take this image the great wave of Ken 718 00:33:03,669 --> 00:33:00,200 Agha 719 00:33:05,560 --> 00:33:03,679 and if you cut it up we make multiple 720 00:33:07,119 --> 00:33:05,570 versions of it and you cut it up into 721 00:33:10,029 --> 00:33:07,129 its various pieces and you put little 722 00:33:13,119 --> 00:33:10,039 spacers between them you create what is 723 00:33:16,509 --> 00:33:13,129 called a decoupage box and it gives you 724 00:33:20,230 --> 00:33:16,519 a 3d look and feel by having multiple 725 00:33:23,289 --> 00:33:20,240 flat layers so we do the same sort of 726 00:33:26,019 --> 00:33:23,299 thing but we do it digitally in a 3d 727 00:33:28,090 --> 00:33:26,029 modeling program and we also instead of 728 00:33:30,580 --> 00:33:28,100 using flat layers we sculpt the various 729 00:33:35,710 --> 00:33:30,590 layers to give them texture and feel so 730 00:33:37,810 --> 00:33:35,720 in our digital program we have this type 731 00:33:40,330 --> 00:33:37,820 of configuration all right so the camera 732 00:33:43,509 --> 00:33:40,340 is up here looking down at the nebula 733 00:33:45,460 --> 00:33:43,519 year and what's highlighted white here 734 00:33:48,519 --> 00:33:45,470 are these are the background layers of 735 00:33:50,560 --> 00:33:48,529 the nebula then we have the pieces that 736 00:33:53,560 --> 00:33:50,570 are inside the nebula the pillars and 737 00:33:55,629 --> 00:33:53,570 all of the structures inside the nebula 738 00:33:58,149 --> 00:33:55,639 then we have the layers that are at the 739 00:34:00,159 --> 00:33:58,159 front side of the nebula the the dark 740 00:34:03,129 --> 00:34:00,169 gas and such that and the gas that's 741 00:34:06,430 --> 00:34:03,139 being irradiated by the stars as well as 742 00:34:07,960 --> 00:34:06,440 there is this small little fluffy stuff 743 00:34:09,879 --> 00:34:07,970 in front of it which we call the veil of 744 00:34:11,950 --> 00:34:09,889 the nebula it's sort of gas that's been 745 00:34:14,740 --> 00:34:11,960 blown out of the nebula in the direction 746 00:34:16,839 --> 00:34:14,750 toward where we are looking plus we've 747 00:34:20,079 --> 00:34:16,849 got in this model the cluster stars down 748 00:34:22,030 --> 00:34:20,089 here Hubble stars here 749 00:34:24,639 --> 00:34:22,040 statistically distributed in front of 750 00:34:27,190 --> 00:34:24,649 the nebula and then the two mass stars 751 00:34:31,109 --> 00:34:27,200 the ESO stars statistically distributed 752 00:34:33,309 --> 00:34:31,119 around those and this is how we create 753 00:34:36,280 --> 00:34:33,319 well I guess I call this the Christmas 754 00:34:40,240 --> 00:34:36,290 tree of our model we've got about 25 755 00:34:42,909 --> 00:34:40,250 layers of the nebula and about 25,000 756 00:34:46,089 --> 00:34:42,919 individual stars floating in 3d that 757 00:34:48,790 --> 00:34:46,099 we're gonna pass the camera through but 758 00:34:51,010 --> 00:34:48,800 that visually this is the build sequence 759 00:34:53,980 --> 00:34:51,020 starting from the back to the front so 760 00:34:56,649 --> 00:34:53,990 the background behind the nebula pulling 761 00:35:00,120 --> 00:34:56,659 in the cluster stars all the pieces are 762 00:35:02,200 --> 00:35:00,130 inside the nebula many of these the 763 00:35:04,539 --> 00:35:02,210 pillars that are pointing toward the 764 00:35:06,339 --> 00:35:04,549 cluster at the center so we get to the 765 00:35:07,549 --> 00:35:06,349 front part of the nebula and then the 766 00:35:10,910 --> 00:35:07,559 veil 767 00:35:13,699 --> 00:35:10,920 bring in the Hubble Stars and the stars 768 00:35:16,670 --> 00:35:13,709 this is the full 3d model as you watch 769 00:35:21,370 --> 00:35:16,680 it that we then fly through to build for 770 00:35:24,380 --> 00:35:21,380 it so this same sort of sequence of 771 00:35:26,269 --> 00:35:24,390 sculpted decoupage procedure is what we 772 00:35:28,039 --> 00:35:26,279 use for all of these nebula sequences 773 00:35:29,599 --> 00:35:28,049 and we'll actually also use it for one 774 00:35:33,339 --> 00:35:29,609 of the galaxy sequences I'll show you in 775 00:35:37,009 --> 00:35:33,349 just a minute all right back to the film 776 00:35:40,039 --> 00:35:37,019 the nebula the nebula movement ends and 777 00:35:42,559 --> 00:35:40,049 we go into the galaxy movement and the 778 00:35:45,890 --> 00:35:42,569 galaxy movement begins with probably the 779 00:35:49,579 --> 00:35:45,900 toughest shot in the entire film 780 00:35:52,429 --> 00:35:49,589 this was the galaxy Traverse sequence in 781 00:35:54,829 --> 00:35:52,439 which we had to fly through a Milky Way 782 00:35:56,660 --> 00:35:54,839 galaxy we flew out of our solar system 783 00:35:58,579 --> 00:35:56,670 and through the stars of the galaxy now 784 00:36:02,660 --> 00:35:58,589 we want to escape the galaxy and go out 785 00:36:04,849 --> 00:36:02,670 and explore other galaxies and I gotta 786 00:36:07,789 --> 00:36:04,859 say I probably spent 4 to 6 weeks 787 00:36:10,189 --> 00:36:07,799 working on this sequence so I'm gonna 788 00:36:13,969 --> 00:36:10,199 tell you about it cuz it was a quite a 789 00:36:15,890 --> 00:36:13,979 lot of work it began at the Astro VA's 790 00:36:17,989 --> 00:36:15,900 conference that was held in Pasadena 791 00:36:19,759 --> 00:36:17,999 last summer where the astronomy 792 00:36:22,519 --> 00:36:19,769 visualization experts got together and 793 00:36:26,059 --> 00:36:22,529 chatted about things and somebody showed 794 00:36:28,789 --> 00:36:26,069 this image this is gas and dust in a 795 00:36:31,729 --> 00:36:28,799 spiral galaxy but it's not an 796 00:36:35,660 --> 00:36:31,739 observation this is a computer 797 00:36:37,699 --> 00:36:35,670 simulation that looks so realistic ok 798 00:36:40,279 --> 00:36:37,709 this is the fire simulations that 799 00:36:42,650 --> 00:36:40,289 feedback and realistic environment by 800 00:36:45,229 --> 00:36:42,660 Hummels Hopkins and Wetzel and Cameron 801 00:36:47,900 --> 00:36:45,239 Hummels who presented it I said oh I 802 00:36:49,880 --> 00:36:47,910 gotta get this data this is so cool I 803 00:36:52,939 --> 00:36:49,890 can use that the visualizations of this 804 00:36:55,130 --> 00:36:52,949 could be fantastic so if they had this 805 00:36:57,679 --> 00:36:55,140 one as a Milky Way analog with 150 806 00:36:59,390 --> 00:36:57,689 million points and all the details of 807 00:37:01,279 --> 00:36:59,400 the star formation going on there I said 808 00:37:03,289 --> 00:37:01,289 great let's take a look at this and I 809 00:37:06,380 --> 00:37:03,299 played with it and I got to visualizing 810 00:37:09,859 --> 00:37:06,390 it and I said fantastic look at this 811 00:37:11,959 --> 00:37:09,869 this just feels like a galaxy look at 812 00:37:16,339 --> 00:37:11,969 all the dust and all the stuff it's just 813 00:37:18,169 --> 00:37:16,349 oh wow all I got to do you know I got I 814 00:37:20,290 --> 00:37:18,179 got a I got to do is just fly through 815 00:37:22,900 --> 00:37:20,300 this and I said to myself hey 816 00:37:24,670 --> 00:37:22,910 Sunset Boulevard we're ready for your 817 00:37:26,250 --> 00:37:24,680 cult our close-up okay 818 00:37:30,510 --> 00:37:26,260 I always thinking this is gonna be the 819 00:37:33,820 --> 00:37:30,520 simplest sequence at all and then I 820 00:37:35,740 --> 00:37:33,830 tried it and it looks okay here and as 821 00:37:40,450 --> 00:37:35,750 you get closer it starts to break down 822 00:37:44,020 --> 00:37:40,460 and as you get inside it it's blue it 823 00:37:45,670 --> 00:37:44,030 looked and I could adjust the parameters 824 00:37:47,890 --> 00:37:45,680 and play with it and I could get okay I 825 00:37:49,420 --> 00:37:47,900 can get the foreground star stuff here 826 00:37:52,540 --> 00:37:49,430 but look at that background stuff it's 827 00:37:54,520 --> 00:37:52,550 just all muddy and disgusting and I was 828 00:37:56,590 --> 00:37:54,530 going back and forth and back and forth 829 00:37:59,020 --> 00:37:56,600 because I wasn't getting what I needed 830 00:38:00,640 --> 00:37:59,030 which is this this is an image of our 831 00:38:02,980 --> 00:38:00,650 Milky Way okay 832 00:38:05,560 --> 00:38:02,990 and you can see this beautiful structure 833 00:38:07,960 --> 00:38:05,570 of the dark gas and all the light the 834 00:38:10,210 --> 00:38:07,970 the the the brightness of the halo in 835 00:38:12,640 --> 00:38:10,220 behind it and stuff like I couldn't get 836 00:38:16,720 --> 00:38:12,650 it until I smacked myself in the head 837 00:38:22,090 --> 00:38:16,730 you go on dude you can't see that dark 838 00:38:23,830 --> 00:38:22,100 stuff unless you got backlight right you 839 00:38:27,010 --> 00:38:23,840 really need to make sure you get the 840 00:38:29,200 --> 00:38:27,020 full backlight in behind your dark gas 841 00:38:31,810 --> 00:38:29,210 otherwise the dark gas is just you know 842 00:38:33,310 --> 00:38:31,820 it doesn't add to your picture so 843 00:38:35,710 --> 00:38:33,320 remember that foreground background 844 00:38:38,800 --> 00:38:35,720 stuff I had to go back to that 845 00:38:39,940 --> 00:38:38,810 foreground background and reinterpret it 846 00:38:42,940 --> 00:38:39,950 in two new ways 847 00:38:44,680 --> 00:38:42,950 so my multi-layered starv is had to have 848 00:38:46,750 --> 00:38:44,690 the foreground okay which was the same 849 00:38:48,430 --> 00:38:46,760 as I did for the star thing this is the 850 00:38:50,290 --> 00:38:48,440 Hipparcos catalog of the other 851 00:38:52,990 --> 00:38:50,300 foreground stars these are the bright 852 00:38:55,420 --> 00:38:53,000 stars that are in the near ground and 853 00:38:57,190 --> 00:38:55,430 for that you know I basically I only 854 00:38:59,200 --> 00:38:57,200 generated those stars along the camera 855 00:39:00,850 --> 00:38:59,210 path because there's like a hundred 856 00:39:01,840 --> 00:39:00,860 billion stars in the Milky Way I'm not 857 00:39:02,470 --> 00:39:01,850 going to generate a hundred billion 858 00:39:04,180 --> 00:39:02,480 stars 859 00:39:06,520 --> 00:39:04,190 I only generate the ones that I need 860 00:39:09,430 --> 00:39:06,530 that are along the camera path so I get 861 00:39:11,620 --> 00:39:09,440 you know tens of millions instead then I 862 00:39:13,210 --> 00:39:11,630 created in the mid ground which was that 863 00:39:15,160 --> 00:39:13,220 standard point cloud viz that I just 864 00:39:16,900 --> 00:39:15,170 showed you and that all worked but I 865 00:39:19,330 --> 00:39:16,910 recognized that when doing the 866 00:39:21,910 --> 00:39:19,340 mid-ground there's a lot of stars that 867 00:39:23,980 --> 00:39:21,920 were too faint and too small that you 868 00:39:26,110 --> 00:39:23,990 just ignored because they weren't they 869 00:39:28,210 --> 00:39:26,120 weren't bright enough to be seen but 870 00:39:30,910 --> 00:39:28,220 that light was getting lost in the 871 00:39:33,049 --> 00:39:30,920 procedure and so I collected all that 872 00:39:36,349 --> 00:39:33,059 light that was 873 00:39:39,979 --> 00:39:36,359 individually too faint to see but adding 874 00:39:41,899 --> 00:39:39,989 it together provided this 3d background 875 00:39:44,120 --> 00:39:41,909 so instead of having a 2d background for 876 00:39:46,159 --> 00:39:44,130 my galaxy I added in a full 877 00:39:49,219 --> 00:39:46,169 three-dimensional background that could 878 00:39:51,890 --> 00:39:49,229 then illuminate those dark dust clouds 879 00:39:54,649 --> 00:39:51,900 all right and then I was able to produce 880 00:39:56,359 --> 00:39:54,659 a test image like this I said yes I'm 881 00:39:59,179 --> 00:39:56,369 starting to get some dark dust clouds I 882 00:40:00,979 --> 00:39:59,189 can deal with this this is great and 883 00:40:04,189 --> 00:40:00,989 then we worked for several a couple more 884 00:40:06,559 --> 00:40:04,199 weeks and got to hear of the procedure 885 00:40:09,649 --> 00:40:06,569 for this is this is a shot from the film 886 00:40:12,439 --> 00:40:09,659 and one of the cool things about it was 887 00:40:14,449 --> 00:40:12,449 that in the simulations they had all the 888 00:40:16,699 --> 00:40:14,459 information on the star formation so 889 00:40:18,949 --> 00:40:16,709 these red clouds here and these blue 890 00:40:22,279 --> 00:40:18,959 clouds here these are emission and 891 00:40:25,159 --> 00:40:22,289 reflection nebulae that are tied to 892 00:40:27,409 --> 00:40:25,169 where stars have recently formed in the 893 00:40:28,999 --> 00:40:27,419 simulation because I got the information 894 00:40:31,219 --> 00:40:29,009 about when stars have formed in the 895 00:40:33,459 --> 00:40:31,229 simulation and the gas around the room 896 00:40:36,799 --> 00:40:33,469 newly forming stars will be illuminated 897 00:40:38,870 --> 00:40:36,809 up and will glow red or will if it's a 898 00:40:41,659 --> 00:40:38,880 little older will actually reflect the 899 00:40:44,719 --> 00:40:41,669 light of the newborn stars and glow blue 900 00:40:46,640 --> 00:40:44,729 and I know that no one will ever notice 901 00:40:49,189 --> 00:40:46,650 that that these are actually the correct 902 00:40:51,709 --> 00:40:49,199 star forming places in the galaxy but I 903 00:40:53,599 --> 00:40:51,719 know and it's really geeky cool to be 904 00:40:56,149 --> 00:40:53,609 able to say that yes these are the right 905 00:40:57,349 --> 00:40:56,159 places for those h2 regions and h1 906 00:41:00,439 --> 00:40:57,359 regions in the galaxy 907 00:41:03,049 --> 00:41:00,449 alright so we fly out of our galaxy in 908 00:41:05,239 --> 00:41:03,059 this sequence and we come upon one of 909 00:41:08,959 --> 00:41:05,249 Hubble's most famous galaxy observations 910 00:41:11,149 --> 00:41:08,969 the Whirlpool Galaxy ok and this is the 911 00:41:12,349 --> 00:41:11,159 Hubble visualization of it and I'll go 912 00:41:13,969 --> 00:41:12,359 through this just relatively quickly 913 00:41:16,759 --> 00:41:13,979 because this was another major project 914 00:41:19,099 --> 00:41:16,769 here so this is Hubble's observation of 915 00:41:21,979 --> 00:41:19,109 the whirlpool and we didn't want to deal 916 00:41:25,819 --> 00:41:21,989 with the satellite galaxies so goodbye 917 00:41:27,319 --> 00:41:25,829 we erased it for this and then we had to 918 00:41:29,419 --> 00:41:27,329 separate this into its various 919 00:41:31,489 --> 00:41:29,429 components and you can see you've got 920 00:41:34,729 --> 00:41:31,499 these old stars here that are sort of 921 00:41:37,189 --> 00:41:34,739 yellowish the young stars here which are 922 00:41:38,659 --> 00:41:37,199 sort of bluish and greenish and then 923 00:41:41,359 --> 00:41:38,669 you've got these red star forming 924 00:41:43,549 --> 00:41:41,369 regions here and we first tried doing 925 00:41:45,020 --> 00:41:43,559 the standard RGB separation red green 926 00:41:47,870 --> 00:41:45,030 blue separation 927 00:41:50,960 --> 00:41:47,880 and it really didn't work and then I hit 928 00:41:53,300 --> 00:41:50,970 my head oh we've got sort of cyan and 929 00:41:56,810 --> 00:41:53,310 sort of magenta and yellow we're gonna 930 00:41:58,850 --> 00:41:56,820 do the CMYK separation color separation 931 00:41:59,330 --> 00:41:58,860 you've never heard of it don't worry 932 00:42:01,490 --> 00:41:59,340 about it 933 00:42:05,120 --> 00:42:01,500 it's a standard color separation using 934 00:42:08,360 --> 00:42:05,130 cyan magenta and yellow and black and 935 00:42:10,370 --> 00:42:08,370 these were the three the cyan magenta 936 00:42:13,250 --> 00:42:10,380 and yellow separations of the image 937 00:42:15,200 --> 00:42:13,260 which we could then transform into the 938 00:42:17,900 --> 00:42:15,210 young stars from the blue from the cyan 939 00:42:20,690 --> 00:42:17,910 the emission nebula from the magenta and 940 00:42:23,390 --> 00:42:20,700 these are pink on the old stars that are 941 00:42:24,740 --> 00:42:23,400 yellowish and whitish and so now we have 942 00:42:27,230 --> 00:42:24,750 two-dimensional images that sort of 943 00:42:30,290 --> 00:42:27,240 separate out the various components of 944 00:42:34,310 --> 00:42:30,300 that galaxy we also could use the black 945 00:42:36,830 --> 00:42:34,320 to do the dust lanes in the galaxy and 946 00:42:38,240 --> 00:42:36,840 Hubble's dust lanes are fine but really 947 00:42:40,550 --> 00:42:38,250 if you want to look at dust you want to 948 00:42:43,430 --> 00:42:40,560 go really into the infrared so we also 949 00:42:46,520 --> 00:42:43,440 use the spitzer image here to get the 950 00:42:49,430 --> 00:42:46,530 dust lanes for the the Whirlpool Galaxy 951 00:42:51,430 --> 00:42:49,440 alright combining these we had to use 952 00:42:55,130 --> 00:42:51,440 what we call point cloud visualizations 953 00:42:57,140 --> 00:42:55,140 taking those images and creating point 954 00:42:58,370 --> 00:42:57,150 clouds above and below those images so 955 00:43:00,530 --> 00:42:58,380 these are you know two-dimensional 956 00:43:01,940 --> 00:43:00,540 images so you make them 3d and give them 957 00:43:03,110 --> 00:43:01,950 the right density structure in the 958 00:43:04,820 --> 00:43:03,120 printer and the presentation and 959 00:43:07,610 --> 00:43:04,830 everything and we ended up creating 960 00:43:09,140 --> 00:43:07,620 about a hundred million point clouds and 961 00:43:13,160 --> 00:43:09,150 we have custom software called 962 00:43:16,040 --> 00:43:13,170 pointillism to to handle it and these 963 00:43:18,020 --> 00:43:16,050 sequences were a little heavy on the hit 964 00:43:20,780 --> 00:43:18,030 my maximum which is about three CPU 965 00:43:23,240 --> 00:43:20,790 hours per frame that's not frames per 966 00:43:26,150 --> 00:43:23,250 second it's hours per frame three hours 967 00:43:29,510 --> 00:43:26,160 to render one frame of this sequence at 968 00:43:31,400 --> 00:43:29,520 4k that's usually my maximum I well I 969 00:43:32,870 --> 00:43:31,410 don't like to go beyond that fortunately 970 00:43:35,660 --> 00:43:32,880 a hundred million point clouds was it 971 00:43:38,060 --> 00:43:35,670 was doable in that for this project okay 972 00:43:40,400 --> 00:43:38,070 we rendered all of them separately so we 973 00:43:42,920 --> 00:43:40,410 have the old stars here we have the 974 00:43:45,710 --> 00:43:42,930 young stars here we have the emission 975 00:43:48,980 --> 00:43:45,720 nebula here along with the cluster stars 976 00:43:52,250 --> 00:43:48,990 inside those things and boom together 977 00:43:54,080 --> 00:43:52,260 they form the Whirlpool Galaxy now I'm 978 00:43:56,180 --> 00:43:54,090 going to digress for one little second 979 00:43:58,670 --> 00:43:56,190 here okay because we went further than 980 00:44:00,200 --> 00:43:58,680 this with the universe of learning 981 00:44:02,060 --> 00:44:00,210 we have our educational project here 982 00:44:04,460 --> 00:44:02,070 called the universe of learning and 983 00:44:06,320 --> 00:44:04,470 Hubble isn't the only one that has 984 00:44:08,780 --> 00:44:06,330 observed the Whirlpool Galaxy as I've 985 00:44:10,670 --> 00:44:08,790 already used the Spitzer image and the 986 00:44:13,400 --> 00:44:10,680 Chandra x-ray Observatory observed it as 987 00:44:16,280 --> 00:44:13,410 well so we went further and we took the 988 00:44:19,820 --> 00:44:16,290 Spitzer data and the Chandra data and we 989 00:44:22,820 --> 00:44:19,830 made 3d models for them as well so we've 990 00:44:25,760 --> 00:44:22,830 got the two wavelengths of infrared and 991 00:44:27,740 --> 00:44:25,770 two energies for the x-ray combining 992 00:44:32,090 --> 00:44:27,750 them we can cross compare between 993 00:44:34,280 --> 00:44:32,100 infrared visible and x-ray in a short 994 00:44:36,860 --> 00:44:34,290 little film that we called shedding new 995 00:44:40,850 --> 00:44:36,870 light on the Whirlpool Galaxy giving you 996 00:44:43,220 --> 00:44:40,860 a visual representation of the value of 997 00:44:44,990 --> 00:44:43,230 all these NASA observatories and the 998 00:44:47,480 --> 00:44:45,000 strength of doing multi-wavelength 999 00:44:49,310 --> 00:44:47,490 astronomy this is an example of one of 1000 00:44:51,200 --> 00:44:49,320 the sort of educational the learning 1001 00:44:53,060 --> 00:44:51,210 projects that we can do with NASA's 1002 00:44:55,330 --> 00:44:53,070 universe of learning based on some of 1003 00:44:58,040 --> 00:44:55,340 these visualization projects all right 1004 00:45:00,500 --> 00:44:58,050 back to the film all right 1005 00:45:02,480 --> 00:45:00,510 the galaxies sequence continues with a 1006 00:45:05,780 --> 00:45:02,490 new visualization we did a Stephan's 1007 00:45:07,250 --> 00:45:05,790 quintet of galaxies and this over here 1008 00:45:09,080 --> 00:45:07,260 on the right hand side those five 1009 00:45:11,990 --> 00:45:09,090 galaxies are what's usually called the 1010 00:45:14,510 --> 00:45:12,000 quintet although they are actually just 1011 00:45:17,300 --> 00:45:14,520 a quartet because this blue galaxy here 1012 00:45:20,060 --> 00:45:17,310 is a foreground galaxy that happens to 1013 00:45:22,220 --> 00:45:20,070 be projected along the line of sight but 1014 00:45:25,070 --> 00:45:22,230 while working on this project I also 1015 00:45:27,140 --> 00:45:25,080 learned that this galaxy over here is on 1016 00:45:31,040 --> 00:45:27,150 the left is that the same distance as 1017 00:45:33,650 --> 00:45:31,050 the main grouping so this quintet that's 1018 00:45:35,180 --> 00:45:33,660 actually a quartet is really a sextet 1019 00:45:37,910 --> 00:45:35,190 that's really actually really is a 1020 00:45:40,610 --> 00:45:37,920 quintet all right so the point of all 1021 00:45:43,550 --> 00:45:40,620 this is that galaxies can be found in 1022 00:45:45,290 --> 00:45:43,560 these groups together we fly through the 1023 00:45:48,550 --> 00:45:45,300 quintet of galaxies in the movie and 1024 00:45:51,080 --> 00:45:48,560 take us into the candles galaxies survey 1025 00:45:54,410 --> 00:45:51,090 one of the largest visualizations we've 1026 00:45:58,460 --> 00:45:54,420 ever done thirty-five thousand galaxies 1027 00:46:01,730 --> 00:45:58,470 stretched out across across space we did 1028 00:46:04,700 --> 00:46:01,740 this in 2017 and we fly through this as 1029 00:46:07,250 --> 00:46:04,710 a preparation for seeing the Hubble 1030 00:46:09,770 --> 00:46:07,260 Ultra Deep Field and we hit the climax 1031 00:46:11,150 --> 00:46:09,780 of the film and you get that resplendent 1032 00:46:15,200 --> 00:46:11,160 chord 1033 00:46:16,520 --> 00:46:15,210 Eric has been building up to and when 1034 00:46:18,950 --> 00:46:16,530 you're flying through the Hubble 1035 00:46:21,200 --> 00:46:18,960 ultra-deep field we want to tell you a 1036 00:46:24,380 --> 00:46:21,210 story and it's a story I think you all 1037 00:46:29,540 --> 00:46:24,390 are familiar with the story is a long 1038 00:46:32,990 --> 00:46:29,550 time ago in a galaxy far far away now 1039 00:46:35,900 --> 00:46:33,000 this is one of the things that George 1040 00:46:39,590 --> 00:46:35,910 Lucas accidentally got right in Star 1041 00:46:40,190 --> 00:46:39,600 Wars because galaxies that are far far 1042 00:46:43,910 --> 00:46:40,200 away 1043 00:46:47,000 --> 00:46:43,920 are galaxies that are seen a long time 1044 00:46:48,830 --> 00:46:47,010 ago the light from a galaxy can take 1045 00:46:52,820 --> 00:46:48,840 billions of years to cross the 1046 00:46:55,430 --> 00:46:52,830 intervening space before we see it so if 1047 00:46:58,970 --> 00:46:55,440 the light from the galaxy left it 5 1048 00:47:03,110 --> 00:46:58,980 billion years ago we're seeing that 1049 00:47:05,060 --> 00:47:03,120 galaxy as it was 5 billion years ago all 1050 00:47:07,370 --> 00:47:05,070 right a galaxy that's 10 million light 1051 00:47:10,760 --> 00:47:07,380 years away we're seeing as it was 10 1052 00:47:15,050 --> 00:47:10,770 billion years ago if we look at galaxies 1053 00:47:18,080 --> 00:47:15,060 nearby and further away and further away 1054 00:47:20,780 --> 00:47:18,090 their morphology changes because 1055 00:47:24,590 --> 00:47:20,790 galaxies develop over these billion year 1056 00:47:28,190 --> 00:47:24,600 timescales we can see the development of 1057 00:47:31,550 --> 00:47:28,200 galaxies we look out into space we look 1058 00:47:34,220 --> 00:47:31,560 back into time and we can see how 1059 00:47:37,040 --> 00:47:34,230 galaxies have developed over the history 1060 00:47:39,920 --> 00:47:37,050 of the universe and that's one of the 1061 00:47:43,940 --> 00:47:39,930 most powerful things that we find in 1062 00:47:45,500 --> 00:47:43,950 this Hubble ultra-deep field so to do do 1063 00:47:47,690 --> 00:47:45,510 this we actually have to have the 1064 00:47:50,000 --> 00:47:47,700 individual galaxies so we take this 1065 00:47:52,070 --> 00:47:50,010 Hubble ultra-deep field and effectively 1066 00:47:54,740 --> 00:47:52,080 we just cut little postage stamps around 1067 00:47:56,570 --> 00:47:54,750 every single one of these galaxies now 1068 00:47:58,700 --> 00:47:56,580 we're not going to do this by hand okay 1069 00:48:00,740 --> 00:47:58,710 you're just somebody would go crazy 1070 00:48:03,230 --> 00:48:00,750 we actually have scientific software 1071 00:48:04,790 --> 00:48:03,240 that does all this and we pull out those 1072 00:48:08,630 --> 00:48:04,800 little postage stamps and we bring it 1073 00:48:09,890 --> 00:48:08,640 into our 3d software now this dense 1074 00:48:11,720 --> 00:48:09,900 region in here that's the Hubble 1075 00:48:14,060 --> 00:48:11,730 ultra-deep field within the much larger 1076 00:48:16,610 --> 00:48:14,070 great observatories origins deep survey 1077 00:48:20,240 --> 00:48:16,620 or the goods field in our 3d and these 1078 00:48:22,370 --> 00:48:20,250 are just the the rectangles representing 1079 00:48:24,010 --> 00:48:22,380 the galaxies images and if we look at it 1080 00:48:25,630 --> 00:48:24,020 from the side 1081 00:48:28,089 --> 00:48:25,640 the cameras over here we're looking down 1082 00:48:31,300 --> 00:48:28,099 through it and you can see this this big 1083 00:48:33,910 --> 00:48:31,310 long pyramid of galaxies stretching out 1084 00:48:35,589 --> 00:48:33,920 across the universe and I wanted to show 1085 00:48:38,800 --> 00:48:35,599 you this because I wanted to admit to 1086 00:48:41,740 --> 00:48:38,810 you that we cheated here okay I like to 1087 00:48:43,510 --> 00:48:41,750 tell you when we when we cheat this 1088 00:48:47,170 --> 00:48:43,520 pyramid should be about five hundred 1089 00:48:49,390 --> 00:48:47,180 times longer than it is okay 1090 00:48:51,760 --> 00:48:49,400 the universe is a really really really 1091 00:48:55,630 --> 00:48:51,770 big place this is a very long and thin 1092 00:48:57,579 --> 00:48:55,640 pyramid but if I did it correct 1093 00:48:59,410 --> 00:48:57,589 scientifically correctly instead of 1094 00:49:02,020 --> 00:48:59,420 flying through in a minute it would take 1095 00:49:03,520 --> 00:49:02,030 about eight hours to fly through it and 1096 00:49:04,990 --> 00:49:03,530 I don't think you guys would want to sit 1097 00:49:07,150 --> 00:49:05,000 around and wait eight hours to fly 1098 00:49:08,710 --> 00:49:07,160 through the altitude field so we 1099 00:49:10,300 --> 00:49:08,720 scrunched it up so that we could fly 1100 00:49:13,599 --> 00:49:10,310 through it in a reasonable amount of 1101 00:49:15,700 --> 00:49:13,609 time plus there's one other cheat that 1102 00:49:16,150 --> 00:49:15,710 we did but it has a really good reason 1103 00:49:18,040 --> 00:49:16,160 for it 1104 00:49:21,310 --> 00:49:18,050 because when you look at the most 1105 00:49:23,349 --> 00:49:21,320 distant objects in the Deep Field they 1106 00:49:25,870 --> 00:49:23,359 are the galaxies that are the farthest 1107 00:49:28,329 --> 00:49:25,880 away seen at the earliest times of the 1108 00:49:31,720 --> 00:49:28,339 universe and the earliest development 1109 00:49:34,240 --> 00:49:31,730 and they are these red dots okay 1110 00:49:35,740 --> 00:49:34,250 they are the galaxies who are redshifted 1111 00:49:37,570 --> 00:49:35,750 the most so their light is all the way 1112 00:49:39,400 --> 00:49:37,580 into the infrared and they're just 1113 00:49:41,230 --> 00:49:39,410 beginning to develop there could be even 1114 00:49:44,620 --> 00:49:41,240 called proto galaxies so they're just 1115 00:49:47,170 --> 00:49:44,630 blobs all right these are the most 1116 00:49:48,640 --> 00:49:47,180 important galaxies that we find in the 1117 00:49:52,030 --> 00:49:48,650 Ultra Deep Field because they show us 1118 00:49:54,520 --> 00:49:52,040 the earliest stages that we can find in 1119 00:49:58,240 --> 00:49:54,530 the Hubble Ultra Deep Field of galaxies 1120 00:50:01,060 --> 00:49:58,250 and I wanted a red dot galaxy to be the 1121 00:50:02,890 --> 00:50:01,070 last thing that you see so in this front 1122 00:50:05,859 --> 00:50:02,900 of this shot as we exit the Deep Field 1123 00:50:08,200 --> 00:50:05,869 this galaxy right here doesn't belong 1124 00:50:11,470 --> 00:50:08,210 there it's actually in the Ultra Deep 1125 00:50:12,880 --> 00:50:11,480 Field okay but I had the guys at 59 1126 00:50:15,370 --> 00:50:12,890 productions take it from where it was 1127 00:50:17,560 --> 00:50:15,380 and push it into our field so that we 1128 00:50:20,079 --> 00:50:17,570 could fly past and this would be the 1129 00:50:21,520 --> 00:50:20,089 last galaxy you see okay so I cheated 1130 00:50:24,099 --> 00:50:21,530 but there's a scientific reason behind 1131 00:50:26,650 --> 00:50:24,109 that cheat so that a red dot galaxy 1132 00:50:28,329 --> 00:50:26,660 would be the last thing you see alright 1133 00:50:30,460 --> 00:50:28,339 so we've taken you through the whole 1134 00:50:32,079 --> 00:50:30,470 universe right and we're sitting out the 1135 00:50:34,240 --> 00:50:32,089 edge of the inner edge of yours and 1136 00:50:37,030 --> 00:50:34,250 we're just gonna leave you there no no 1137 00:50:37,720 --> 00:50:37,040 no now we bring in Eric's pet project 1138 00:50:40,270 --> 00:50:37,730 the virtual 1139 00:50:42,580 --> 00:50:40,280 choir all right and so after we get 1140 00:50:45,970 --> 00:50:42,590 through the whole universe and suddenly 1141 00:50:47,740 --> 00:50:45,980 these swirls start appearing and they're 1142 00:50:50,230 --> 00:50:47,750 really cool this is a cool graphic 1143 00:50:52,450 --> 00:50:50,240 effect I honestly you know when I first 1144 00:50:54,190 --> 00:50:52,460 saw these they reminded me of the the 1145 00:50:57,790 --> 00:50:54,200 trails left in old particle physics 1146 00:51:01,300 --> 00:50:57,800 experiments but they're not they are 1147 00:51:05,290 --> 00:51:01,310 actually eric whitacre conducting the 1148 00:51:08,440 --> 00:51:05,300 universe when he conducted the orchestra 1149 00:51:10,900 --> 00:51:08,450 to record this symphony a second time 1150 00:51:15,430 --> 00:51:10,910 they put Eric in a motion capture suit 1151 00:51:18,250 --> 00:51:15,440 they recorded his motions and Eric is a 1152 00:51:20,170 --> 00:51:18,260 performer okay he is a performer okay 1153 00:51:22,000 --> 00:51:20,180 and I think you can sort of like see can 1154 00:51:24,910 --> 00:51:22,010 you imagine his baton here in his arms 1155 00:51:27,280 --> 00:51:24,920 wailing and swishing these were 1156 00:51:29,830 --> 00:51:27,290 generated from the motion capture of 1157 00:51:31,540 --> 00:51:29,840 Eric conducting the symphony let's get 1158 00:51:33,670 --> 00:51:31,550 that kind of cool thing that you'd never 1159 00:51:37,330 --> 00:51:33,680 know unless you came to this talk okay 1160 00:51:40,270 --> 00:51:37,340 and then this segues into the virtual 1161 00:51:43,240 --> 00:51:40,280 choir okay and all of these P all of 1162 00:51:45,820 --> 00:51:43,250 these singers floating through space now 1163 00:51:49,450 --> 00:51:45,830 Eric started the virtual choir after 1164 00:51:51,880 --> 00:51:49,460 this woman named Britten posted a video 1165 00:51:54,160 --> 00:51:51,890 on youtube of her seeing one of Eric's 1166 00:51:55,330 --> 00:51:54,170 song as a dedication to him and of 1167 00:51:59,500 --> 00:51:55,340 course he was flattered and everything 1168 00:52:02,170 --> 00:51:59,510 but he said wait a minute if I got a 1169 00:52:05,050 --> 00:52:02,180 bunch of people to record themselves 1170 00:52:06,940 --> 00:52:05,060 singing I could sort of put them 1171 00:52:09,010 --> 00:52:06,950 together into this virtual choir of 1172 00:52:11,859 --> 00:52:09,020 people who never met each other but 1173 00:52:14,380 --> 00:52:11,869 we're all singing in unison so he 1174 00:52:18,340 --> 00:52:14,390 uploaded a video of him conducting one 1175 00:52:21,460 --> 00:52:18,350 of his pieces looks a room quay and the 1176 00:52:23,230 --> 00:52:21,470 singers sat in their living rooms or 1177 00:52:26,020 --> 00:52:23,240 dining rooms or bedrooms or whatever and 1178 00:52:28,660 --> 00:52:26,030 recorded themselves singing to his 1179 00:52:32,200 --> 00:52:28,670 conduction and then submitted his videos 1180 00:52:33,730 --> 00:52:32,210 and his team put it together for his 1181 00:52:36,660 --> 00:52:33,740 virtual choir here's Eric doing the 1182 00:52:39,730 --> 00:52:36,670 conducting and hear all the people 1183 00:52:43,960 --> 00:52:39,740 singing their various parts from her 1184 00:52:47,080 --> 00:52:43,970 from you know totally distant places all 1185 00:52:48,640 --> 00:52:47,090 right he such a success the choral 1186 00:52:51,609 --> 00:52:48,650 people absolutely loved it he did it 1187 00:52:53,859 --> 00:52:51,619 again with a whole bunch more people 1188 00:52:55,959 --> 00:52:53,869 separate across all various countries 1189 00:52:58,059 --> 00:52:55,969 and did it again with thousands of 1190 00:53:00,910 --> 00:52:58,069 people and then upped it so that we had 1191 00:53:02,079 --> 00:53:00,920 a 3d they had a 3d eric conducting all 1192 00:53:05,289 --> 00:53:02,089 these people okay 1193 00:53:08,620 --> 00:53:05,299 so deep field was to be the fifth Arkin 1194 00:53:12,279 --> 00:53:08,630 incarnation of his virtual choir and he 1195 00:53:16,930 --> 00:53:12,289 got more than 8,000 singers around the 1196 00:53:19,359 --> 00:53:16,940 globe to submit so you will see 8,000 1197 00:53:22,289 --> 00:53:19,369 singers in this film and this is a 1198 00:53:24,609 --> 00:53:22,299 reason why the credits take six minutes 1199 00:53:27,880 --> 00:53:24,619 every single one of these virtual choir 1200 00:53:30,459 --> 00:53:27,890 singers is in the credits okay but 1201 00:53:32,739 --> 00:53:30,469 because they were working with us and I 1202 00:53:35,529 --> 00:53:32,749 gotta give music productions a huge and 1203 00:53:38,289 --> 00:53:35,539 they wanted to include science and 1204 00:53:40,059 --> 00:53:38,299 technology in it so not only did you 1205 00:53:42,459 --> 00:53:40,069 upload your video you also had a chance 1206 00:53:45,219 --> 00:53:42,469 to earn these badges on their on their 1207 00:53:46,359 --> 00:53:45,229 website there were 18 badges anybody 1208 00:53:48,219 --> 00:53:46,369 recognize this pattern 1209 00:53:51,039 --> 00:53:48,229 yeah the James Webb Space Telescope 1210 00:53:54,219 --> 00:53:51,049 pattern of hexagons each one of these is 1211 00:53:56,499 --> 00:53:54,229 a separate badge involving science 1212 00:53:59,499 --> 00:53:56,509 technology engineering art and design 1213 00:54:01,269 --> 00:53:59,509 and math so called steam education for 1214 00:54:04,660 --> 00:54:01,279 example one of them was the Hubble 1215 00:54:06,670 --> 00:54:04,670 ultra-deep field sauna fied where if you 1216 00:54:08,499 --> 00:54:06,680 ran your cursor over these things the 1217 00:54:10,599 --> 00:54:08,509 redshift of the galaxies gave you a note 1218 00:54:13,089 --> 00:54:10,609 that was really low if it was far away 1219 00:54:15,609 --> 00:54:13,099 or very high if it was nearby you had a 1220 00:54:17,380 --> 00:54:15,619 sonification all sorts of amazing things 1221 00:54:19,509 --> 00:54:17,390 and I just was like this 1222 00:54:21,700 --> 00:54:19,519 these are partners you want to work with 1223 00:54:23,019 --> 00:54:21,710 okay these are the kind of people you 1224 00:54:25,959 --> 00:54:23,029 really want to work with because they 1225 00:54:27,910 --> 00:54:25,969 don't just do want to do it halfway they 1226 00:54:31,599 --> 00:54:27,920 really go all the way to combining 1227 00:54:33,400 --> 00:54:31,609 science and art together alright so now 1228 00:54:36,489 --> 00:54:33,410 we begin the word turn home the final 1229 00:54:39,339 --> 00:54:36,499 sequence of a film all right and they 1230 00:54:42,519 --> 00:54:39,349 came out through the Hubble Space 1231 00:54:44,499 --> 00:54:42,529 Telescope sitting over earth and I gotta 1232 00:54:47,229 --> 00:54:44,509 be honest with you Greg bacon and I when 1233 00:54:50,440 --> 00:54:47,239 we saw this sequence said this is kind 1234 00:54:52,509 --> 00:54:50,450 of trite so many documentaries have the 1235 00:54:55,390 --> 00:54:52,519 camera moving through the Hubble mirror 1236 00:54:59,979 --> 00:54:55,400 to see things and like alright okay I 1237 00:55:03,549 --> 00:54:59,989 guess but we changed our minds 1238 00:55:05,160 --> 00:55:03,559 because by coming out with Hubble here 1239 00:55:07,589 --> 00:55:05,170 by bringing the camera out 1240 00:55:10,950 --> 00:55:07,599 home with Hubble it puts you in that 1241 00:55:13,079 --> 00:55:10,960 low-earth orbit from which you can then 1242 00:55:15,780 --> 00:55:13,089 go into a sequence of space shuttle 1243 00:55:18,359 --> 00:55:15,790 shots of the earth and so the next 1244 00:55:20,819 --> 00:55:18,369 sequences are these gorgeous space 1245 00:55:22,109 --> 00:55:20,829 shuttle shots here's one it took me a 1246 00:55:24,450 --> 00:55:22,119 while to figure out these things this is 1247 00:55:26,309 --> 00:55:24,460 Baja Peninsula here and the Gulf of 1248 00:55:29,099 --> 00:55:26,319 California California is over here 1249 00:55:31,589 --> 00:55:29,109 Arizona's here all right you get the 1250 00:55:33,660 --> 00:55:31,599 shot of Switzerland down and down bottom 1251 00:55:37,710 --> 00:55:33,670 the Alps running across the center and 1252 00:55:40,349 --> 00:55:37,720 Italy up here and then the amazing shot 1253 00:55:42,870 --> 00:55:40,359 of the Nile River Delta all right these 1254 00:55:45,870 --> 00:55:42,880 wonderful shots from space bring you 1255 00:55:49,260 --> 00:55:45,880 back home show you the beauty of our 1256 00:55:53,549 --> 00:55:49,270 planet and then they bring back the 1257 00:55:56,789 --> 00:55:53,559 virtual choir and they fill the screen 1258 00:55:59,520 --> 00:55:56,799 they cover the earth with this virtual 1259 00:56:01,410 --> 00:55:59,530 choir this is a global choir they're 1260 00:56:03,510 --> 00:56:01,420 getting that point across to you that 1261 00:56:06,049 --> 00:56:03,520 this is a truly global choir and you saw 1262 00:56:09,599 --> 00:56:06,059 from the math that it really is and 1263 00:56:13,410 --> 00:56:09,609 finally the last sequence simply our 1264 00:56:15,150 --> 00:56:13,420 earth hanging there in space and Erik 1265 00:56:17,940 --> 00:56:15,160 says that he really wanted to bring 1266 00:56:22,410 --> 00:56:17,950 across that Carl Sagan point of view the 1267 00:56:26,270 --> 00:56:22,420 idea that looking at our planet from 1268 00:56:30,089 --> 00:56:26,280 outside seeing it there hanging in space 1269 00:56:33,510 --> 00:56:30,099 changes your perspective and through 1270 00:56:36,720 --> 00:56:33,520 this you really can with this film you 1271 00:56:41,339 --> 00:56:36,730 truly can connect those dots from that 1272 00:56:45,150 --> 00:56:41,349 tiny red dot galaxy how did the edge of 1273 00:56:49,980 --> 00:56:45,160 our observable universe across the 13 1274 00:56:54,780 --> 00:56:49,990 billion light years of space to our pale 1275 00:56:58,620 --> 00:56:54,790 blue dot then we call home that expanse 1276 00:57:02,360 --> 00:56:58,630 that expression that truly is the 1277 00:57:04,830 --> 00:57:02,370 impossible magnitude of our universe 1278 00:57:13,609 --> 00:57:04,840 thank you for your attention 1279 00:57:22,950 --> 00:57:17,749 okay we are going to end the webcast now 1280 00:57:24,690 --> 00:57:22,960 so for the folks who are online you can 1281 00:57:28,230 --> 00:57:24,700 watch the film it is already available 1282 00:57:31,140 --> 00:57:28,240 at Deep Field film.com alright and 1283 00:57:34,140 --> 00:57:31,150 please for the best experience you know 1284 00:57:37,890 --> 00:57:34,150 watch it on a big screen in a dark room 1285 00:57:39,299 --> 00:57:37,900 with really good sound I suppose you 1286 00:57:42,720 --> 00:57:39,309 could probably watch it on your phone 1287 00:57:44,339 --> 00:57:42,730 I mean I'll shed a tear but it's better 1288 00:57:47,519 --> 00:57:44,349 than not watching it at all okay so 1289 00:57:51,180 --> 00:57:47,529 please if you can watch it nice and big 1290 00:57:54,210 --> 00:57:51,190 alright and thank you all for for 1291 00:57:57,390 --> 00:57:54,220 joining us online I hope you've enjoyed 1292 00:57:58,259 --> 00:57:57,400 this expression of this film as much as 1293 00:58:00,390 --> 00:57:58,269 us 1294 00:58:02,279 --> 00:58:00,400 we here at Space Telescope and in 1295 00:58:04,769 --> 00:58:02,289 collaboration with 59 productions and 1296 00:58:06,450 --> 00:58:04,779 with music productions we had a great 1297 00:58:07,230 --> 00:58:06,460 time presenting it and we really hope